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The Work of a Nation. The Center of Intelligence
World Factbook Title
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Field Listing :: Exchange rates
This entry provides the average annual price of a country's monetary unit for the time period specified, expressed in units of local currency per US dollar, as determined by international market forces or by official fiat. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 4217 alphabetic currency code for the national medium of exchange is presented in parenthesis. Closing daily exchange rates are not presented in The World Factbook, but are used to convert stock values - e.g., the market value of publicly traded shares - to US dollars as of the specified date.
Country
 Exchange rates
Afghanistan afghanis (AFA) per US dollar -
51 (2012 est.)
46.75 (2011 est.)
46.45 (2010)
Akrotiri note: uses the euro
Albania leke (ALL) per US dollar -
103.3 (2012 est.)
100.9 (2011 est.)
103.94 (2010 est.)
94.98 (2009)
79.546 (2008)
Algeria Algerian dinars (DZD) per US dollar -
77.84 (2012 est.)
72.938 (2011 est.)
74.386 (2010 est.)
72.65 (2009)
63.25 (2008)
American Samoa the US dollar is used
Andorra euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Angola kwanza (AOA) per US dollar -
95.54 (2012 est.)
93.741 (2011 est.)
91.906 (2010 est.)
79.33 (2009)
75.023 (2008)
Anguilla East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.), 2.7 (2009)
Antigua and Barbuda East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
2.7 (2009)
Argentina Argentine pesos (ARS) per US dollar -
4.569 (2012 est.)
4.1101 (2011 est.)
3.8963 (2010 est.)
3.7101 (2009)
3.1636 (2008)
Armenia drams (AMD) per US dollar -
404.8 (2012 est.)
372.5 (2011 est.)
373.66 (2010 est.)
363.28 (2009)
303.93 (2008)
Aruba Aruban guilders/florins (AWG) per US dollar -
1.79 (2012 est.)
1.79 (2011 est.)
1.79 (2010 est.)
Australia Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -
0.963 (2012 est.)
0.9695 (2011 est.)
1.0902 (2010)
1.2822 (2009)
1.2059 (2008)
Austria euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Azerbaijan Azerbaijani manats (AZN) per US dollar -
0.7839 (2012 est.)
0.7897 (2011 est.)
0.8027 (2010 est.)
0.8038 (2009)
0.8219 (2008)
Bahamas, The Bahamian dollars (BSD) per US dollar -
1 (2012 est.)
1 (2011 est.)
1 (2010 est.)
1 (2008)
1 (2007)
Bahrain Bahraini dinars (BHD) per US dollar -
0.376 (2012 est.)
0.376 (2011 est.)
0.376 (2010 est.)
0.376 (2009)
0.376 (2008)
Bangladesh taka (BDT) per US dollar -
82.17 (2012 est.)
74.152 (2011 est.)
69.649 (2010 est.)
69.04 (2009)
68.554 (2008)
Barbados Barbadian dollars (BBD) per US dollar -
2 (2012 est.)
2 (2011 est.)
2 (2010 est.)
note: the Barbadian dollar is pegged to the US dollar
Belarus Belarusian rubles (BYB/BYR) per US dollar -
8,307.1 (2012 est.)
4,974.6 (2011 est.)
2,978.5 (2010 est.)
2,789.49 (2009)
2,130 (2008)
Belgium euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Belize Belizean dollars (BZD) per US dollar -
2 (2012 est.)
2 (2011 est.)
2 (2010 est.)
2 (2009)
2 (2008)
Benin Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Bermuda Bermudian dollars (BMD) per US dollar - 1 (2012)
note: (2012 est.)
Bhutan ngultrum (BTN) per US dollar -
53.28 (2012 est.)
46.67 (2011 est.)
45.73 (2010 est.)
46.68 (2009 est.)
43.51 (2008 est.)
Bolivia bolivianos (BOB) per US dollar -
6.96 (2012 est.)
6.9875 (2011 est.)
7.0167 (2010 est.)
7.07 (2009)
7.253 (2008)
Bosnia and Herzegovina konvertibilna markas (BAM) per US dollar -
1.533 (2012 est.)
1.407 (2011 est.)
1.4767 (2010 est.)
1.4079 (2009)
1.3083 (2008)
Botswana pulas (BWP) per US dollar -
7.65 (2012 est.)
6.8382 (2011 est.)
6.7936 (2010 est.)
7.1551 (2009)
6.7907 (2008)
Brazil reals (BRL) per US dollar -
2.1 (2012 est.)
1.675 (2011 est.)
1.7592 (2010 est.)
2 (2009)
1.8644 (2008)
British Indian Ocean Territory the US dollar is used
British Virgin Islands the US dollar is used
Brunei Bruneian dollars (BND) per US dollar -
1.25 (2012 est.)
1.2579 (2011 est.)
1.3635 (2010 est.)
1.45 (2009)
Bulgaria leva (BGN) per US dollar -
1.533 (2012 est.)
1.4053 (2011 est.)
1.4774 (2010 est.)
1.404 (2009)
1.3171 (2008)
Burkina Faso Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Burma kyats (MMK) per US dollar -
867.6 (2012 est.)
815 (2011 est.)
5.58 (2010 est.)
1,055 (2009)
1,205 (2008)
Burundi Burundi francs (BIF) per US dollar -
1,439.5 (2012 est.)
1,261.07 (2011 est.)
1,230.8 (2010 est.)
1,230.18 (2009)
1,198 (2008)
Cambodia riels (KHR) per US dollar -
4,075.4 (2012 est.)
4,058.5 (2011 est.)
4,184.9 (2010 est.)
4,139 (2009)
4,070.94 (2008)
Cameroon Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Canada Canadian dollars (CAD) per US dollar -
1.001 (2012 est.)
0.9895 (2011 est.)
1.0302 (2010 est.)
1.1431 (2009)
1.0364 (2008)
Cape Verde Cape Verdean escudos (CVE) per US dollar -
86.42 (2012 est.)
79.32 (2011 est.)
83.259 (2010 est.)
79.38 (2009)
73.84 (2008)
Cayman Islands Caymanian dollars (KYD) per US dollar -
0.83 (2012 est.)
0.83 (2011 est.)
0.83 (2010 est.)
Central African Republic Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Chad Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Chile Chilean pesos (CLP) per US dollar -
488.9 (2012 est.)
483.67 (2011 est.)
510.25 (2010 est.)
560.86 (2009)
509.02 (2008)
China Renminbi yuan (RMB) per US dollar -
6.311 (2012 est.)
6.4615 (2011 est.)
6.7703 (2010 est.)
6.8314 (2009)
6.9385 (2008)
Christmas Island Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -
0.963 (2012)
0.9695 (2011)
1.0902 (2010)
1.2822 (2009)
1.2059 (2008)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -
0.963 (2012)
0.9695 (2011)
1.0902 (2010)
1.2822 (2009)
1.2059 (2008)
Colombia Colombian pesos (COP) per US dollar -
1,800.4 (2012 est.)
1,848 (2011 est.)
1,898.6 (2010 est.)
2,157.6 (2009)
2,243.6 (2008)
Comoros Comoran francs (KMF) per US dollar -
386.4 (2012 est.)
353.9 (2011 est.)
371.46 (2010 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congolese francs (CDF) per US dollar -
920 (2012 est.)
899 (2011 est.)
905.91 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
559 (2008)
Congo, Republic of the Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs (XAF) per US dollar -
511.4 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Cook Islands NZ dollars (NZD) per US dollar -
1.289 (2012)
1.2659 (2011 est.)
1.3874 (2010)
1.6002 (2009)
1.4151 (2008)
Costa Rica Costa Rican colones (CRC) per US dollar -
504.5 (2012 est.)
505.66 (2011 est.)
525.83 (2010 est.)
573.29 (2009)
530.41 (2008)
Cote d'Ivoire Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
513.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Croatia kuna (HRK) per US dollar -
5.891 (2012 est.)
5.3439 (2011 est.)
5.498 (2010 est.)
5.2692 (2009)
4.98 (2008)
Cuba Cuban pesos (CUP) per US dollar -
1 (2012 est.)
0.9847 (2011 est.)
0.9259 (2010 est.)
0.9259 (2009)
0.9259 (2008)
Curacao Netherlands Antillean guilders (ANG) per US dollar -
1.79 (2011)
1.79 (2011 est.)
1.79 (2010 est.)
1.79 (2009)
1.79 (2008)
Cyprus euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Czech Republic koruny (CZK) per US dollar -
19.59 (2012 est.)
17.696 (2011 est.)
19.098 (2010 est.)
19.063 (2009)
17.064 (2008)
Denmark Danish kroner (DKK) per US dollar -
5.847 (2012 est.)
5.3687 (2011 est.)
5.6241 (2010 est.)
5.361 (2009)
5.0236 (2008)
Dhekelia note: uses the euro
Djibouti Djiboutian francs (DJF) per US dollar -
177.7 (2012 est.)
177.72 (2011 est.)
177.72 (2010 est.)
Dominica East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
2.7 (2009)
Dominican Republic Dominican pesos (DOP) per US dollar -
39.42 (2012 est.)
38.232 (2011 est.)
37.307 (2010 est.)
36.03 (2009)
34.775 (2008)
Egypt Egyptian pounds (EGP) per US dollar -
6.05 (2012 est.)
5.9358 (2011 est.)
5.6219 (2010 est.)
5.545 (2009)
5.4 (2008)
El Salvador note: the US dollar is used as a medium of exchange and circulates freely in the economy, 1 (2012 est.)
Equatorial Guinea Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs per US dollar -
511.4 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Eritrea nakfa (ERN) per US dollar -
15.38 (2012 est.)
15.375 (2011 est.)
15.375 (2010 est.)
15.375 (2009)
15.38 (2008)
Estonia kroon (EEK) per US dollar -
0.782 (2012 est.)
0.72 (2011 est.)
11.81 (2010 est.)
11.23 (2009)
10.7 (2008)
Ethiopia birr (ETB) per US dollar -
17.8 (2012 est.)
16.899 (2011 est.)
14.41 (2010 est.)
11.78 (2009)
9.57 (2008)
European Union euros per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) Falkland pounds (FKP) per US dollar -
0.6324 (2012)
0.624 (2011)
0.6472 (2010)
0.6175 (2009)
Faroe Islands Danish kroner (DKK) per US dollar -
5.847 (2011)
5.6241 (2011 est.)
5.6241 (2010)
5.361 (2009)
5.0236 (2008)
Fiji Fijian dollars (FJD) per US dollar -
1.792 (2012 est.)
1.7932 (2011 est.)
1.9183 (2010 est.)
Finland euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
France euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
French Polynesia Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar -
90.01 (2010 est.)
87.59 (2007)
Gabon Cooperation Financiere en Afrique Centrale francs per US dollar -
515.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Gambia, The dalasis (GMD) per US dollar -
31.5 (2012 est.)
29.4615 (2011 est.)
28.012 (2010 est.)
26.6444 (2009)
22.75 (2008)
Gaza Strip new Israeli shekels (ILS) per US dollar -
3.903 (2012 est.)
3.5781 (2011 est.)
3.739 (2010 est.)
3.9323 (2009)
3.56 (2008)
Georgia laris (GEL) per US dollar -
1.66 (2012 est.)
1.6865 (2011 est.)
1.7823 (2010 est.)
1.6705 (2009 est.)
1.47 (2008 est.)
Germany euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Ghana cedis (GHC) per US dollar -
1.815 (2012 est.)
1.512 (2011 est.)
1.431 (2010 est.)
1.409 (2009)
1.1 (2008)
Gibraltar Gibraltar pounds (GIP) per US dollar -
0.6324 (2012)
0.624 (2011)
0.6472 (2010)
0.6175 (2009)
0.5302 (2008)
Greece euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Greenland Danish kroner (DKK) per US dollar -
5.847 (2011)
5.6241 (2011)
5.6241 (2010)
5.361 (2009)
5.0236 (2008)
Grenada East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
2.7 (2009)
Guam the US dollar is used
Guatemala quetzales (GTQ) per US dollar -
7.88 (2012 est.)
7.7854 (2011 est.)
8.0578 (2010 est.)
8.1616 (2009)
7.5895 (2008)
Guernsey Guernsey pound
0.6324 (2012)
0.624 (2011)
0.6472 (2010)
0.6175 (2009)
0.5302 (2008)
Guinea Guinean francs (GNF) per US dollar -
7,100 (2012 est.)
6,658 (2011 est.)
5,726.1 (2010 est.)
5,500 (2009)
5,500 (2008)
Guinea-Bissau Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Guyana Guyanese dollars (GYD) per US dollar -
204.4 (2012 est.)
204.02 (2011 est.)
203.64 (2010 est.)
203.95 (2009)
203.86 (2008)
Haiti gourdes (HTG) per US dollar -
40.52 (2012 est.)
40.52 (2011 est.)
39.8 (2010 est.)
42.02 (2009)
39.216 (2008)
Holy See (Vatican City) euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Honduras lempiras (HNL) per US dollar -
19.51 (2012 est.)
18.895 (2011 est.)
18.9 (2010 est.)
18.9 (2009)
18.983 (2008)
Hong Kong Hong Kong dollars (HKD) per US dollar -
7.8 (2012 est.)
7.784 (2011 est.)
7.77 (2010 est.)
7.75 (2009)
7.751 (2008)
Hungary forints (HUF) per US dollar -
229.5 (2012 est.)
201.05 (2011 est.)
207.94 (2010 est.)
202.34 (2009)
171.8 (2008)
Iceland Icelandic kronur (ISK) per US dollar -
127.2 (2012 est.)
115.95 (2011 est.)
122.24 (2010 est.)
123.64 (2009)
85.619 (2008)
India Indian rupees (INR) per US dollar -
53.17 (2012 est.)
46.671 (2011 est.)
45.726 (2010 est.)
48.405 (2009)
43.319 (2008)
Indonesia Indonesian rupiah (IDR) per US dollar -
9,348.3 (2012 est.)
8,770.43 (2011 est.)
9,090.4 (2010 est.)
10,389.9 (2009)
9,698.9 (2008)
Iran Iranian rials (IRR) per US dollar -
12,260 (2012 est.)
10,616.3 (2011 est.)
10,254.18 (2010 est.)
9,864.3 (2009)
9,142.8 (2008)
Iraq Iraqi dinars (IQD) per US dollar -
1,168 (2012 est.)
1,170 (2011 est.)
1,170 (2010 est.)
1,170 (2009)
1,176 (2008)
Ireland euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Isle of Man Manx pounds (IMP) per US dollar -
0.6324 (2011)
0.6472 (2011)
0.6472 (2010)
0.6175 (2009)
0.5302 (2008)
Israel new Israeli shekels (ILS) per US dollar -
3.903 (2012 est.)
3.5781 (2011 est.)
3.739 (2010 est.)
3.93 (2009)
3.588 (2008)
Italy euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Jamaica Jamaican dollars (JMD) per US dollar -
88.59 (2012 est.)
85.893 (2011 est.)
87.196 (2010 est.)
87.89 (2009)
72.236 (2008)
Japan yen (JPY) per US dollar -
79.42 (2012 est.)
79.81 (2011 est.)
87.78 (2010 est.)
93.57 (2009)
103.58 (2008)
Jersey Jersey pounds per US dollar
0.6324 (31 December 2011)
0.624 (2011)
0.6472 (2010)
0.6175 (2009)
0.5302 (2008)
Jordan Jordanian dinars (JOD) per US dollar -
0.709 (2012 est.)
0.709 (2011 est.)
0.71 (2010 est.)
0.709 (2009)
0.709 (2008)
Kazakhstan tenge (KZT) per US dollar -
148.6 (2012 est.)
146.62 (2011 est.)
147.36 (2010 est.)
147.5 (2009)
120.25 (2008)
Kenya Kenyan shillings (KES) per US dollar -
85.82 (2012 est.)
88.811 (2011 est.)
79.233 (2010 est.)
77.352 (2009)
68.358 (2008)
Kiribati Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -
0.963 (2011)
1.0902 (2010)
1.0902 (2010)
1.2822 (2009)
1.2059 (2008)
Korea, North North Korean won (KPW) per US dollar (market rate)
137 (2012 est.)
140 (2011 est.)
145 (2010 est.)
3,630 (December 2008)
140 (2007)
Korea, South South Korean won (KRW) per US dollar -
1,132.8 (2012 est.)
1,108.29 (2011 est.)
1,156.1 (2010 est.)
1,276.93 (2009)
1,101.7 (2008)
Kosovo euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Kuwait Kuwaiti dinars (KD) per US dollar -
0.2801 (2012 est.)
0.276 (2011 est.)
0.2866 (2010 est.)
0.2877 (2009)
0.2679 (2008)
Kyrgyzstan soms (KGS) per US dollar -
47.33 (2012 est.)
46.144 (2011 est.)
45.964 (2010 est.)
42.905 (2009)
36.108 (2008)
Laos kips (LAK) per US dollar -
8,017.7 (2012 est.)
8,035.1 (2011 est.)
8,258.8 (2010 est.)
8,516.04 (2009)
8,760.69 (2008)
Latvia lati (LVL) per US dollar -
0.5519 (2012 est.)
0.5012 (2011 est.)
0.5305 (2010 est.)
0.5056 (2009)
0.4701 (2008)
Lebanon Lebanese pounds (LBP) per US dollar -
1,507.5 (2012 est.)
1,507.5 (2011 est.)
1,507.5 (2010 est.)
1,507.5 (2009)
1,507.5 (2008)
Lesotho maloti (LSL) per US dollar -
8.095 (2012 est.)
7.26 (2011 est.)
7.32 (2010 est.)
8.47 (2009)
7.75 (2008)
Liberia Liberian dollars (LRD) per US dollar -
74 (2012 est.)
72.227 (2011 est.)
71.403 (2010 est.)
Libya Libyan dinars (LYD) per US dollar -
1.257 (2012 est.)
1.224 (2011 est.)
1.2668 (2010 est.)
1.2535 (2009)
1.2112 (2008)
Liechtenstein Swiss francs (CHF) per US dollar -
0.9463 (2012)
0.8876 (2011)
1.0429 (2010)
1.0881 (2009)
1.0774 (2008)
Lithuania litai (LTL) per US dollar -
2.711 (2012 est.)
2.481 (2011 est.)
2.6063 (2010 est.)
2.4787 (2009)
2.3251 (2008)
Luxembourg euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Macau patacas (MOP) per US dollar -
7.99 (2012 est.)
8.0182 (2011 est.)
8.0022 (2010 est.)
7.983 (2008)
8.011 (2007)
Macedonia Macedonian denars (MKD) per US dollar -
48.1 (2012 est.)
44.231 (2011 est.)
46.485 (2010 est.)
44.1 (2009)
41.414 (2008)
Madagascar Malagasy ariary (MGA) per US dollar -
2,220 (2012 est.)
2,025.1 (2011 est.)
2,090 (2010 est.)
1,956.2 (2009)
1,654.78 (2008)
Malawi Malawian kwachas (MWK) per US dollar -
239 (2012 est.)
156.93 (2011 est.)
150.49 (2010 est.)
141.14 (2009)
142.41 (2008)
Malaysia ringgits (MYR) per US dollar -
3.07 (2012 est.)
3.06 (2011 est.)
3.22 (2010 est.)
3.52 (2009)
3.33 (2008)
Maldives rufiyaa (MVR) per US dollar -
15.39 (2011)
14.602 (2011)
12.8 (2008)
12.8 (2007)
Mali Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
493.51 (2007)
Malta euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Marshall Islands the US dollar is used, 1 (2012 est.)
Mauritania ouguiyas (MRO) per US dollar -
267.8 (2012 est.)
281.12 (2011 est.)
275.89 (2010 est.)
262.4 (2009)
238.2 (2008)
Mauritius Mauritian rupees (MUR) per US dollar -
29.96 (2012 est.)
28.706 (2011 est.)
30.784 (2010 est.)
31.96 (2009)
27.973 (2008)
Mexico Mexican pesos (MXN) per US dollar -
13.25 (2012 est.)
12.423 (2011 est.)
12.636 (2010 est.)
13.514 (2009)
11.016 (2008)
Micronesia, Federated States of the US dollar is used, 1 (2012 est.)
Moldova Moldovan lei (MDL) per US dollar -
12.2 (2012 est.)
11.738 (2011 est.)
12.369 (2010 est.)
11.11 (2009)
10.326 (2008)
Monaco euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Mongolia togrog/tugriks (MNT) per US dollar -
1,299.5 (2012 est.)
1,265.5 (2011 est.)
1,357.1 (2010 est.)
1,442.8 (2009)
1,170 (2007)
Montenegro euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Montserrat East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
2.7 (2009)
Morocco Moroccan dirhams (MAD) per US dollar -
8.689 (2012 est.)
8.0899 (2011 est.)
8.4172 (2010 est.)
8.0571 (2009)
7.526 (2008)
Mozambique meticais (MZM) per US dollar -
28.13 (2012 est.)
29.075 (2011 est.)
33.96 (2010 est.)
26.28 (2009)
24.125 (2008)
Namibia Namibian dollars (NAD) per US dollar -
7.904 (2012 est.)
7.2597 (2011 est.)
7.3212 (2010 est.)
8.42 (2009)
7.75 (2008)
Nauru Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -
0.963 (2012)
0.9695 (2011 est.)
1.0902 (2010)
1.2822 (2009)
1.2059 (2008)
Nepal Nepalese rupees (NPR) per US dollar -
85.16 (2012 est.)
74.02 (2011 est.)
73.16 (2010 est.)
77.44 (2009)
65.21 (2008)
Netherlands euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
New Caledonia Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar -

85.85 (2011 est.)
90.01 (2010 est.)
New Zealand New Zealand dollars (NZD) per US dollar -
1.289 (2012 est.)
1.263 (2011 est.)
1.3874 (2010 est.)
1.6002 (2009)
1.4151 (2008)
Nicaragua cordobas (NIO) per US dollar -
23.58 (2012 est.)
22.424 (2011 est.)
21.356 (2010 est.)
20.34 (2009)
19.374 (2008)
Niger Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Nigeria nairas (NGN) per US dollar -
157.3 (2012 est.)
154.7 (2011 est.)
150.3 (2010 est.)
148.9 (2009)
117.8 (2008)
Niue New Zealand dollars (NZD) per US dollar -
1.289 (2012)
1.263 (2011)
1.3874 (2010)
1.6002 (2009)
1.4151 (2008)
Norfolk Island Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -
0.963 (2012)
0.9695 (2011)
1.0902 (2010)
1.2822 (2009)
1.2059 (2008)
Northern Mariana Islands the US dollar is used
Norway Norwegian kroner (NOK) per US dollar -
5.882 (2012 est.)
5.6065 (2011 est.)
6.0442 (2010 est.)
6.288 (2009)
5.6361 (2008)
Oman Omani rials (OMR) per US dollar -
0.3845 (2012 est.)
0.3845 (2011 est.)
0.3845 (2010 est.)
0.3845 (2009)
0.3845 (2008)
Pakistan Pakistani rupees (PKR) per US dollar -
95.1 (2012 est.)
86.3434 (2011 est.)
85.194 (2010 est.)
81.71 (2009)
70.64 (2008)
Palau the US dollar is used, 1 (2011)
Panama balboas (PAB) per US dollar -
1 (2012 est.)
1 (2011 est.)
1 (2010 est.)
1 (2009)
1 (2008)
Papua New Guinea kina (PGK) per US dollar -
2.078 (2012 est.)
2.371 (2011 est.)
2.7193 (2010 est.)
2.7551 (2009)
2.6956 (2008)
Paraguay guarani (PYG) per US dollar -
4,449.6 (2012 est.)
4,176.1 (2011 est.)
4,735.5 (2010 est.)
4,965.4 (2009)
4,337.7 (2008)
Peru nuevo sol (PEN) per US dollar -
2.65 (2012 est.)
2.7541 (2011 est.)
2.8251 (2010 est.)
3.0115 (2009)
2.91 (2008)
Philippines Philippine pesos (PHP) per US dollar -
42.56 (2012 est.)
43.313 (2011 est.)
45.11 (2010 est.)
47.68 (2009)
44.439 (2008)
Pitcairn Islands New Zealand dollars (NZD) per US dollar -
1.289 (2012)
1.263 (2011)
1.3874 (2010)
1.6002 (2009)
1.4151 (2008)
Poland zlotych (PLN) per US dollar -
3.267 (2012 est.)
2.9639 (2011 est.)
3.0153 (2010 est.)
3.1214 (2009)
2.3 (2008)
Portugal euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Puerto Rico the US dollar is used, 1 (2012 est.)
Qatar Qatari rials (QAR) per US dollar -
3.64 (2012 est.)
3.64 (2011 est.)
3.64 (2010 est.)
3.64 (2009)
3.64 (2008)
Romania lei (RON) per US dollar -
3.49 (2012 est.)
3.0486 (2011 est.)
3.1779 (2010 est.)
3.0493 (2009)
2.5 (2008)
Russia Russian rubles (RUB) per US dollar -
31.32 (2012 est.)
29.382 (2011 est.)
30.368 (2010 est.)
31.74 (2009)
24.853 (2008)
Rwanda Rwandan francs (RWF) per US dollar -
624.8 (2012 est.)
601.83 (2011 est.)
583.13 (2010 est.)
568.18 (2009)
550 (2008)
Saint Barthelemy euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7107 (2011 est.)
0.755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha Saint Helenian pounds (SHP) per US dollar -
0.6324 (2012)
0.624 (2011)
0.6472 (2010)
0.6175 (2009)
0.5302 (2008)
Saint Kitts and Nevis East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
2.7 (2009)
Saint Lucia East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
2.7 (2009)
Saint Martin euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7107 (2011 est.)
0.755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines East Caribbean dollars (XCD) per US dollar -
2.7 (2012 est.)
2.7 (2011 est.)
2.7 (2010 est.)
2.7 (2009)
Samoa tala (SAT) per US dollar -
2.32 (2012 est.)
2.3175 (2011 est.)
2.4847 (2010 est.)
San Marino euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2011)
0.7185 (2010)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Sao Tome and Principe dobras (STD) per US dollar -
19,202 (2012 est.)
17,623 (2011 est.)
18,499 (2010 est.)
16,209 (2009)
14,900 (2008)
Saudi Arabia Saudi riyals (SAR) per US dollar -
3.75 (2012 est.)
3.75 (2011 est.)
3.75 (2010 est.)
3.75 (2009)
3.75 (2008)
Senegal Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
511.4 (2012 est.)
471.33 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Serbia Serbian dinars (RSD) per US dollar -
90.35 (2012 est.)
72.455 (2011 est.)
77.729 (2010 est.)
67.634 (2009)
62.9 (2008)
Seychelles Seychelles rupees (SCR) per US dollar -
13.82 (2012 est.)
12.381 (2011 est.)
12.068 (2010 est.)
13.61 (2009)
8 (2008)
Sierra Leone leones (SLL) per US dollar -
4,370.3 (2012 est.)
4,336.1 (2011 est.)
3,978.1 (2010 est.)
Singapore Singapore dollars (SGD) per US dollar -
1.253 (2012 est.)
1.258 (2011 est.)
1.3635 (2010 est.)
1.4545 (2009)
1.415 (2008)
Sint Maarten Netherlands Antillean guilders (ANG) per US dollar -
1.79 (2010)
1.79 (2009)
1.79 (2009)
1.79 (2008)
1.79 (2007)
Slovakia euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Slovenia euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Solomon Islands Solomon Islands dollars (SBD) per US dollar -
7.359 (2012 est.)
7.6413 (2011 est.)
8.0645 (2010 est.)
Somalia Somali shillings (SOS) per US dollar -
1,600 (2012 est.)
South Africa rand (ZAR) per US dollar -
8.095 (2012 est.)
7.2597 (2011 est.)
7.3212 (2010 est.)
8.42 (2009)
7.9576 (2008)
South Sudan South Sudanese pounds (SSP) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
South Sudanese pounds (SSP) per US dollar - 0.7185 (2011 est.)
Spain euros (EUR) per US dollar -
0.7838 (2012 est.)
0.7185 (2011 est.)
755 (2010 est.)
0.7198 (2009 est.)
0.6827 (2008 est.)
Sri Lanka Sri Lankan rupees (LKR) per US dollar -
127.3 (2012 est.)
110.57 (2011 est.)
113.06 (2010 est.)
114.95 (2009)
108.33 (2008)
Sudan Sudanese pounds (SDG) per US dollar -
4.4 (2012 est.)
2.68 (2011 est.)
2.31 (2010 est.)
2.3 (2009)
2.1 (2008)
Suriname Surinamese dollars (SRD) per US dollar -
3.5 (2012 est.)
3.2683 (2011 est.)
2.7454 (2010 est.)
2.745 (2009)
2.745 (2008)
Svalbard Norwegian kroner (NOK) per US dollar -
5.882 (2012)
5.6065 (2011)
6.0442 (2010)
6.288 (2009)
5.6361 (2008)
Swaziland emalangeni per US dollar -
8.223 (2012 est.)
7.2597 (2011 est.)
7.3212 (2010 est.)
8.42 (2009)
7.75 (2008)
Sweden Swedish kronor (SEK) per US dollar -
6.819 (2012 est.)
6.4918 (2011 est.)
7.2075 (2010 est.)
7.6529 (2009)
6.4074 (2008)
Switzerland Swiss francs (CHF) per US dollar -
0.9463 (2012 est.)
0.8876 (2011 est.)
1.0429 (2010 est.)
1.0881 (2009)
1.0774 (2008)
Syria Syrian pounds (SYP) per US dollar -
63.94 (2012 est.)
48.371 (2011 est.)
11.225 (2010 est.)
46.708 (2009)
46.5281 (2008)
Taiwan New Taiwan dollars (TWD) per US dollar -
29.68 (2012 est.)
29.47 (2011 est.)
31.648 (2010 est.)
33.061 (2009)
31.53 (2008)
Tajikistan Tajikistani somoni (TJS) per US dollar -
4.791 (2012 est.)
4.6103 (2011 est.)
4.379 (2010 est.)
4.1428 (2009)
3.4563 (2008)
Tanzania Tanzanian shillings (TZS) per US dollar -
1,586.9 (2012 est.)
1,572.1 (2011 est.)
1,409.3 (2010 est.)
1,320.3 (2009)
1,178.1 (2008)
Thailand baht per US dollar -
31.41 (2012 est.)
30.492 (2011 est.)
31.686 (2010 est.)
34.286 (2009)
33.37 (2008)
Timor-Leste the US dollar is used, 1 (2012 est.)
Togo Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar -
514.1 (2012 est.)
471.87 (2011 est.)
495.28 (2010 est.)
472.19 (2009)
447.81 (2008)
Tokelau New Zealand dollars (NZD) per US dollar -
1.289 (2012)
1.263 (2011)
1.3874 (2010)
1.6002 (2009)
1.4151 (2008)
Tonga pa'anga (TOP) per US dollar -
1.737 (2012 est.)
1.729 (2011 est.)
1.906 (2010 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago Trinidad and Tobago dollars (TTD) per US dollar -
6.393 (2012 est.)
6.4094 (2011 est.)
6.3755 (2010 est.)
6.3099 (2009)
6.2896 (2008)
Tunisia Tunisian dinars (TND) per US dollar -
1.563 (2012 est.)
1.4078 (2011 est.)
1.4314 (2010 est.)
1.3503 (2009)
1.211 (2008)
Turkey Turkish liras (TRY) per US dollar -
1.798 (2012 est.)
1.675 (2011 est.)
1.5028 (2010 est.)
1.55 (2009)
1.3179 (2008)
Turkmenistan Turkmen manat (TMM) per US dollar -
2.85 (2012 est.)
2.85 (2011 est.)
2.85 (2010 est.)
2.85 (2009)
14,250 (2008)
Turks and Caicos Islands the US dollar is used, 1 (2012 est.)
Tuvalu Tuvaluan dollars or Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -
0.963 (2011)
1.67 (2011 est.)
1.67 (2010)
1.2822 (2009)
1.2059 (2008)
Uganda Ugandan shillings (UGX) per US dollar -
2,493.4 (2012 est.)
2,522.8 (2011 est.)
2,177.6 (2010 est.)
2,030 (2009)
1,658.1 (2008)
Ukraine hryvnia (UAH) per US dollar -
8.076 (2012 est.)
7.9676 (2011 est.)
7.9356 (2010 est.)
7.7912 (2009)
4.9523 (2008)
United Arab Emirates Emirati dirhams (AED) per US dollar -
3.673 (2012 est.)
3.673 (2011 est.)
3.6725 (2010 est.)
3.673 (2009)
3.6725 (2008)
United Kingdom British pounds (GBP) per US dollar -
0.6324 (2012 est.)
0.624 (2011 est.)
0.6472 (2010 est.)
0.6175 (2009)
0.5302 (2008)
United States British pounds per US dollar: 0.6324 (2012 est.), 0.6468 (2010 est.), 0.6494 (2009), 0.5302 (2008), 0.4993 (2007)
Canadian dollars per US dollar: 1.001 (2012 est.), 1.0302 (2010 est.), 1.1431 (2009), 1.0364 (2008), 1.0724 (2007)
Chinese yuan per US dollar: 6.311 (2012 est.), 6.7703 (2010 est.), 6.8314 (2009), 6.9385 (2008), 7.61 (2007)
euros per US dollar: 0.7194 (2012 est.), 0.755 (2010 est.), 0.7198 (2009), 0.6827 (2008), 0.7345 (2007)
Japanese yen per US dollar: 79.42 (2012 est.), 87.78 (2010), 93.57 (2009), 103.58 (2008), 117.99 (2007)
Uruguay Uruguayan pesos (UYU) per US dollar -
20.63 (2012 est.)
19.314 (2011 est.)
20.059 (2010 est.)
22.568 (2009)
20.936 (2008)
Uzbekistan Uzbekistani soum (UZS) per US dollar -
1,872.3 (2012 est.)
1,715.8 (2011 est.)
1,587.2 (2010 est.)
1,466.7 (2009)
1,317 (2008)
Vanuatu vatu (VUV) per US dollar -
94.03 (2012 est.)
89.47 (2011 est.)
96.91 (2010 est.)
Venezuela bolivars (VEB) per US dollar -
4.289 (2012 est.)
4.289 (2011 est.)
2.5821 (2010 est.)
2.147 (2009)
2.147 (2008)
Vietnam dong (VND) per US dollar -
20,858.3 (2012 est.)
20,649 (2011 est.)
18,612.92 (2010 est.)
17,799.6 (2009)
16,548.3 (2008)
Virgin Islands the US dollar is used, 1 (2011)
Wallis and Futuna Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar -
90.01 (2010 est.)
87.59 (2007)
West Bank new Israeli shekels (ILS) per US dollar -
3.903 (2012 est.)
3.578 (2011 est.)
3.73 (2010)
3.932 (2009)
3.588 (2008)
Western Sahara Moroccan dirhams (MAD) per US dollar -
8.689 (2012)
8.0899 (2011)
8.4172 (2010)
8.0571 (2009)
7.526 (2008)
Yemen Yemeni rials (YER) per US dollar -
215.6 (2012 est.)
213.8 (2011 est.)
219.59 (2010 est.)
202.85 (2009)
199.76 (2008)
Zambia Zambian kwacha (ZMK) per US dollar -
5,100 (2012 est.)
4,860.7 (2011 est.)
4,797.1 (2010 est.)
5,046.1 (2009)
3,512.9 (2008)
Zimbabwe Zimbabwean dollars (ZWD) per US dollar -
234.25 (2010)
234.25 (2009)
9,686.8 (2007)
note: the dollar was adopted as a legal currency in 2009; since then the Zimbabwean dollar has experienced hyperinflation and is essentially worthless
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For additional information on government leaders in selected foreign countries, go to World Leaders.