The World Factbook CIA Home CIA Home About CIA Careers Offices of CIA News & Information Library Kid’s Page Contact CIA CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

         
  Mongolia  
Flag of Mongolia
Click to enlarge
Categories Banner
 Introduction
 Geography
 People
 Government
 Economy
 Communications
 Transportation
 Military
 Transnational Issues

This page was last updated on 14 May 2009


Map of Mongolia




Legend: DefinitionDefinition Field ListingField Listing Rank OrderRank Order

   Introduction    Mongolia Top of Page
Background:
Definition Field Listing
The Mongols gained fame in the 13th century when under Chinggis KHAN they established a huge Eurasian empire through conquest. After his death the empire was divided into several powerful Mongol states, but these broke apart in the 14th century. The Mongols eventually retired to their original steppe homelands and in the late 17th century came under Chinese rule. Mongolia won its independence in 1921 with Soviet backing and a Communist regime was installed in 1924. The modern country of Mongolia, however, represents only part of the Mongols' historical homeland; more Mongols live in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China than in Mongolia. Following a peaceful democratic revolution, the ex-Communist Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) won elections in 1990 and 1992, but was defeated by the Democratic Union Coalition (DUC) in the 1996 parliamentary election. The MPRP won an overwhelming majority in the 2000 parliamentary election, but the party lost seats in the 2004 election and shared power with democratic coalition parties from 2004-2008. The MPRP regained a solid majority in the 2008 parliamentary elections but nevertheless formed a coalition government with the Democratic Party. The prime minister and most cabinet members are MPRP members.
   Geography    Mongolia Top of Page
Location:
Definition Field Listing
Northern Asia, between China and Russia
Geographic coordinates:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
46 00 N, 105 00 E
Map references:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
Asia
Area:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
total: 1,564,116 sq km
land: 1,554,731 sq km
water: 9,385 sq km
Area - comparative:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
slightly smaller than Alaska
Land boundaries:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
total: 8,220 km
border countries: China 4,677 km, Russia 3,543 km
Coastline:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
none (landlocked)
Climate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)
Terrain:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
vast semidesert and desert plains, grassy steppe, mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in south-central
Elevation extremes:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
lowest point: Hoh Nuur 518 m
highest point: Nayramadlin Orgil (Huyten Orgil) 4,374 m
Natural resources:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, fluorspar, gold, silver, iron
Land use:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
arable land: 0.76%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 99.24% (2005)
Irrigated land:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
840 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
34.8 cu km (1999)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
total: 0.44 cu km/yr (20%/27%/52%)
per capita: 166 cu m/yr (2000)
Natural hazards:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
dust storms; grassland and forest fires; drought; "zud," which is harsh winter conditions
Environment - current issues:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
limited natural fresh water resources in some areas; the policies of former Communist regimes promoted rapid urbanization and industrial growth that had negative effects on the environment; the burning of soft coal in power plants and the lack of enforcement of environmental laws severely polluted the air in Ulaanbaatar; deforestation, overgrazing, and the converting of virgin land to agricultural production increased soil erosion from wind and rain; desertification and mining activities had a deleterious effect on the environment
Environment - international agreements:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
landlocked; strategic location between China and Russia
   People    Mongolia Top of Page
Population:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
3,041,142 (July 2009 est.)
Age structure:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
0-14 years: 28.1% (male 436,391/female 418,923)
15-64 years: 67.9% (male 1,031,819/female 1,033,806)
65 years and over: 4% (male 52,430/female 67,773) (2009 est.)
Median age:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
total: 25.3 years
male: 24.9 years
female: 25.7 years (2009 est.)
Population growth rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
1.493% (2009 est.)
Birth rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
21.05 births/1,000 population (2009 est.)
Death rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
6.16 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Net migration rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
NA (2009 est.)
Urbanization:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
urban population: 57% of total population (2008)
rate of urbanization: 1.2% annual rate of change (2005-10 est.)
Sex ratio:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female
total population: 1 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
total: 39.88 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 42.99 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 36.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2009 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
total population: 67.65 years
male: 65.23 years
female: 70.19 years (2009 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
2.23 children born/woman (2009 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
less than 0.1% (2007 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
fewer than 500 (2007 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
fewer than 200 (2003 est.)
Nationality:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
noun: Mongolian(s)
adjective: Mongolian
Ethnic groups:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
Mongol (mostly Khalkha) 94.9%, Turkic (mostly Kazakh) 5%, other (including Chinese and Russian) 0.1% (2000)
Religions:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
Buddhist Lamaist 50%, Shamanist and Christian 6%, Muslim 4%, none 40% (2004)
Languages:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
Khalkha Mongol 90%, Turkic, Russian (1999)
Literacy:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.8%
male: 98%
female: 97.5% (2000 census)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
total: 13 years
male: 12 years
female: 14 years (2006)
Education expenditures:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
5% of GDP (2004)
   Government    Mongolia Top of Page
Country name:
Definition Field Listing
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Mongolia
local long form: none
local short form: Mongol Uls
former: Outer Mongolia
Government type:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
parliamentary
Capital:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
name: Ulaanbaatar
geographic coordinates: 47 55 N, 106 55 E
time difference: UTC+8 (13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
21 provinces (aymguud, singular - aymag) and 1 municipality* (singular - hot); Arhangay, Bayanhongor, Bayan-Olgiy, Bulgan, Darhan-Uul, Dornod, Dornogovi, Dundgovi, Dzavhan (Zavkhan), Govi-Altay, Govisumber, Hentiy, Hovd, Hovsgol, Omnogovi, Orhon, Ovorhangay, Selenge, Suhbaatar, Tov, Ulaanbaatar*, Uvs
Independence:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
11 July 1921 (from China)
National holiday:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
Independence Day/Revolution Day, 11 July (1921)
Constitution:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
13 January 1992
Legal system:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
blend of Soviet and German systems that employ "continental" or "civil" code; case-precedent may be used to inform judges, but all decisions must refer to the law as written; constitution ambiguous on judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
chief of state: President Nambaryn ENKHBAYAR (since 24 June 2005)
head of government: Prime Minister Sanjaa BAYAR (since 22 November 2007); First Deputy Prime Minister (Norov ALTANKHUYAG (since 20 September 2008); Vice Prime Minister Miegombyn ENKHBOLD (since 6 December 2007)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the prime minister in consultation with the president and confirmed by the State Great Hural (parliament)
elections: presidential candidates nominated by political parties represented in State Great Hural and elected by popular vote for a four-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 22 May 2005 (next to be held on 24 May 2009); following legislative elections, leader of majority party or majority coalition is usually elected prime minister by State Great Hural
election results: Nambaryn ENKHBAYAR elected president; percent of vote - Nambaryn ENKHBAYAR 53.44%, Mendsaikhanin ENKHSAIKHAN 20.05%, Bazarsadyn JARGALSAIKHAN 13.92%, Badarchyn ERDENEBAT 12.59%; Miegombyn ENKHBOLD elected prime minister by the State Great Hural - (note - Sanjaa BAYAR elected prime minister on 22 November 2007; Miegombyn ENKHBOLD became vice prime minister on 6 December 2007)
Legislative branch:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
unicameral State Great Hural 76 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms
elections: last held 29 June 2008 (next to be held in June 2012)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - MPRP 45, DP 27, others 4; note - 1 seat disputed and unfilled
Judicial branch:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
Supreme Court (serves as appeals court for people's and provincial courts but rarely overturns verdicts of lower courts; judges are nominated by the General Council of Courts and approved by the president)
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
Democratic Party or DP [Norov ALTANHUYAG]; Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party or MPRP [Sanjaa BAYAR]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
other: human rights groups; women's groups
International organization participation:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
ADB, ARF, CP, EBRD, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OPCW, OSCE (partner), SCO (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOMIG, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
chief of mission: Ambassador Khasbazaryn BEKHBAT
chancery: 2833 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20007
telephone: [1] (202) 333-7117
FAX: [1] (202) 298-9227
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
chief of mission: Ambassador Mark C. MINTON
embassy: Big Ring Road, 11th Micro Region, Ulaanbaatar, 14171 Mongolia
mailing address: PSC 461, Box 300, FPO AP 96521-0002; P.O. Box 1021, Ulaanbaatar-13
telephone: [976] (11) 329-095
FAX: [976] (11) 320-776
Flag description:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
three equal, vertical bands of red (hoist side), blue, and red; centered on the hoist-side red band in yellow is the national emblem ("soyombo" - a columnar arrangement of abstract and geometric representation for fire, sun, moon, earth, water, and the yin-yang symbol)
   Economy    Mongolia Top of Page
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing
Economic activity in Mongolia has traditionally been based on herding and agriculture. Mongolia has extensive mineral deposits. Copper, coal, gold, molybdenum, fluorspar, uranium, tin, and tungsten account for a large part of industrial production and foreign direct investment. Soviet assistance, at its height one-third of GDP, disappeared almost overnight in 1990 and 1991 at the time of the dismantlement of the USSR. The following decade saw Mongolia endure both deep recession because of political inaction and natural disasters, as well as economic growth because of reform-embracing, free-market economics and extensive privatization of the formerly state-run economy. Severe winters and summer droughts in 2000-02 resulted in massive livestock die-off and zero or negative GDP growth. This was compounded by falling prices for Mongolia's primary sector exports and widespread opposition to privatization. Growth averaged nearly 9% per year in 2004-08, largely because of high copper prices and new gold production. Until late 2008 Mongolia experienced a soaring inflation rate, with year-to-year inflation reaching nearly 40% - the highest inflation rate in over a decade. In late 2008 falling commodity prices in this import-reliant country helped lower inflation, but by that time, the country had begun to feel the effects of the global financial crisis. Falling prices for copper and other mineral exports reduced government revenues and is forcing cuts in spending. The global credit crisis has stalled growth in key sectors, especially those that had been fueled by foreign investment. Mongolia's economy continues to be heavily influenced by its neighbors. Mongolia purchases 95% of its petroleum products and a substantial amount of electric power from Russia, leaving it vulnerable to price increases. Trade with China represents more than half of Mongolia's total external trade - China receives about 70% of Mongolia's exports. Remittances from Mongolians working abroad both legally and illegally are sizable, but have fallen due to the economic crisis; money laundering is a growing concern. Mongolia settled its $11 billion debt with Russia at the end of 2003 on favorable terms. Mongolia, which joined the World Trade Organization in 1997, seeks to expand its participation and integration into Asian regional economic and trade regimes.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$9.557 billion (2008 est.)
$8.696 billion (2007)
$7.913 billion (2006)
note: data are in 2008 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
$4.991 billion (2008 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
8.9% (2008 est.)
9.9% (2007 est.)
8.6% (2006 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$3,200 (2008 est.)
$2,900 (2007 est.)
$2,700 (2006 est.)
note: data are in 2008 US dollars
GDP - composition by sector:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
agriculture: 18.8%
industry: 38.5%
services: 42.7% (2008)
Labor force:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
1.068 million (2008)
Labor force - by occupation:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
agriculture: 34%
industry: 5%
services: 61% (2008)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
2.8% (2008)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
lowest 10%: 3%
highest 10%: 24.6% (2002)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
32.8 (2002)
Budget:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
revenues: $1.71 billion
expenditures: $1.95 billion (2008)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
28% (2008 est.)
Central bank discount rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
9.75% (31 December 2008)
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
17.54% (31 December 2007)
Stock of money:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$521.2 million (31 December 2008)
Stock of quasi money:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$1.326 billion (31 December 2008)
Stock of domestic credit:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$2.07 billion (31 December 2008)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$412 million (31 December 2008)
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
wheat, barley, vegetables, forage crops; sheep, goats, cattle, camels, horses
Industries:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
construction and construction materials; mining (coal, copper, molybdenum, fluorspar, tin, tungsten, and gold); oil; food and beverages; processing of animal products, cashmere and natural fiber manufacturing
Industrial production growth rate:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
3% (2006 est.)
Electricity - production:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
3.979 billion kWh (2008)
Electricity - consumption:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
3.491 billion kWh (2008)
Electricity - exports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
15.8 million kWh (2008)
Electricity - imports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
197.5 million kWh (2008)
Oil - production:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
3,216 bbl/day (2008)
Oil - consumption:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
12,780 bbl/day (2008)
Oil - exports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
2,902 bbl/day (2008)
Oil - imports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
17,680 bbl/day (2008)
Oil - proved reserves:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
NA bbl
Natural gas - production:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
0 cu m (2007 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
Current account balance:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
-$1 billion (2008 est.)
Exports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$2.539 billion f.o.b. (2008)
Exports - commodities:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
copper, apparel, livestock, animal products, cashmere, wool, hides, fluorspar, other nonferrous metals, coal
Exports - partners:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
China 71.9%, Canada 10.7%, US 4.8% (2007)
Imports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$3.615 billion c.i.f. (2008)
Imports - commodities:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
machinery and equipment, fuel, cars, food products, industrial consumer goods, chemicals, building materials, sugar, tea
Imports - partners:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
China 32%, Russia 29.4%, South Korea 7.9%, Japan 7.2% (2007)
Debt - external:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$1.6 billion (2008)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$NA
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
$NA
Exchange rates:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
togrog/tugriks (MNT) per US dollar - 1,267.51 (2008), 1,170 (2007), 1,165 (2006), 1,205 (2005), 1,185.3 (2004)
   Communications    Mongolia Top of Page
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
148,200 (2008)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
1.796 million (2008)
Telephone system:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
general assessment: network is improving with international direct dialing available in many areas
domestic: very low fixed-line density; there are multiple mobile cellular service providers and subscribership is increasing rapidly; a fiber-optic network has been installed that is improving broadband and communication services between major urban centers with multiple companies providing inter-city fiber-optic cable services
international: country code - 976; satellite earth stations - 7
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
AM 7, FM 115 (includes 20 national radio broadcaster repeaters), shortwave 4 (2006)
Television broadcast stations:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
68 (2008)
Internet country code:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
.mn
Internet hosts:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
356 (2008)
Internet users:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
320,000 (2007)
   Transportation    Mongolia Top of Page
Airports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
44 (2008)
Airports - with paved runways:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
total: 12
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 10
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2008)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
total: 32
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 5
1,524 to 2,437 m: 24
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2008)
Heliports:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
1 (2007)
Railways:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
total: 1,810 km
broad gauge: 1,810 km 1.520-m gauge (2008)
Roadways:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
total: 49,249 km
paved: 2,671 km
unpaved: 46,578 km (2008)
Waterways:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
580 km
note: only waterway in operation is Lake Hovsgol (135 km); Selenge River (270 km) and Orhon River (175 km) are navigable but carry little traffic; lakes and rivers freeze in winter, are open from May to September (2007)
Merchant marine:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
total: 77
by type: bulk carrier 20, cargo 44, chemical tanker 2, liquefied gas 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 2, roll on/roll off 6, vehicle carrier 1
foreign-owned: 53 (China 1, Germany 4, Indonesia 1, North Korea 1, South Korea 1, Lebanon 2, Russia 9, Singapore 9, Thailand 1, Ukraine 1, Vietnam 23) (2008)
   Military    Mongolia Top of Page
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing
Mongolian Armed Forces: Mongolian Army, Mongolian Air Force; there is no navy (2009)
Military service age and obligation:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
18-25 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months in land or air defense forces or police; a small portion of Mongolian land forces (2.5 percent) is comprised of contract soldiers; women cannot be deployed overseas for military operations (2006)
Manpower available for military service:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
males age 16-49: 865,425
females age 16-49: 860,669 (2008 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
males age 16-49: 706,774
females age 16-49: 740,550 (2009 est.)
Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order
male: 28,251
female: 27,344 (2009 est.)
Military expenditures:
Definition Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order Comparison to the rest of the world
1.4% of GDP (2006)
   Transnational Issues    Mongolia Top of Page
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing
none

This page was last updated on 14 May 2009


Bottom Banner