Legend:
 Definition
 Field Listing
 Rank Order
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Background:
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Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished St. Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The cultivation of sugar cane introduced slavery to the island in the late 18th century; the practice was not abolished until 1848. The island became a free port in 1939; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded during the 1970s and 1980s. In 2003, the populace of St. Martin voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the northern portion of the island became a French overseas collectivity.
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Population:
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29,820 (July 2009 est.)
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 27% (male 3,991/female 4,048)
15-64 years: 67.5% (male 9,596/female 10,532)
65 years and over: 5.5% (male 742/female 911) (2009 est.)
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Median age:
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total: 30.5 years
male: 29.5 years
female: 31.3 years (2009 est.)
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 0.99 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female
total population: 0.92 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
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Ethnic groups:
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creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian
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Religions:
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Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Protestant, Hindu
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Languages:
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French (official language), English, Dutch, French Patois, Spanish, Papiamento (dialect of Netherlands Antilles)
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Martin
conventional short form: Saint Martin
local long form: Collectivity d'outre mer de Saint-Martin
local short form: Saint-Martin
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Dependency status:
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overseas collectivity of France
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Capital:
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name: Marigot
geographical coordinates: 18 04 N, 63 05 W
time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight savings: +1 hour
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Independence:
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none (overseas collectivity of France)
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National holiday:
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Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is Schoalcher Day (Slavery Abolition Day) 12 July (1848)
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Constitution:
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4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
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Legal system:
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the laws of France, where applicable, apply
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Suffrage:
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18 years of age, universal
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007)
head of government: President of the Territorial Council Frantz GUMBS (since 5 May 2009)
cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council
election: French president elected by popular vote to a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term
election results: Frantz GUMBS elected president by the Territorial Council on 7 August 2008 but election was declared invalid on 10 April 2009
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held in July 2012)
election results: percent of seats by party - UPP 49%, RRR 42.2%, Reussir Saint-Martin 8.9%; seats by party - UPP 16, RRR 6, Reussir Saint-Martin 1
note: Saint Martin elects one seat to the French Senate; election last held 21 September 2008 (next to be held in September 2014); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1
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Political parties and leaders:
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Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis-Constant FLEMING]; Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON]; Reussir Saint-Martin [Jean-Luc HAMLET]
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA
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International organization participation:
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UPU, WFTU
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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none (overseas collectivity of France)
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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none (overseas collectivity of France)
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Flag description:
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the flag of France is used
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This page was last updated on 14 May 2009
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