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  Central African Republic  
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This page was last updated on 20 March, 2008


Map of Central African Republic



Legend: DefinitionDefinition Field ListingField Listing Rank OrderRank Order
   Introduction    Central African Republic Top of Page
Background:
Definition Field Listing
The former French colony of Ubangi-Shari became the Central African Republic upon independence in 1960. After three tumultuous decades of misrule - mostly by military governments - civilian rule was established in 1993 and lasted for one decade. President Ange-Felix PATASSE's civilian government was plagued by unrest, and in March 2003 he was deposed in a military coup led by General Francois BOZIZE, who established a transitional government. Though the government has the tacit support of civil society groups and the main parties, a wide field of candidates contested the municipal, legislative, and presidential elections held in March and May of 2005 in which General BOZIZE was affirmed as president. The government still does not fully control the countryside, where pockets of lawlessness persist. Unrest in neighboring nations, Chad, Sudan, and the DRC, continues to affect stability in the Central African Republic as well.
   Geography    Central African Republic Top of Page
Location:
Definition Field Listing
Central Africa, north of Democratic Republic of the Congo
Geographic coordinates:
Definition Field Listing
7 00 N, 21 00 E
Map references:
Definition Field Listing
Africa
Area:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 622,984 sq km
land: 622,984 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative:
Definition Field Listing
slightly smaller than Texas
Land boundaries:
Definition Field Listing
total: 5,203 km
border countries: Cameroon 797 km, Chad 1,197 km, Democratic Republic of the Congo 1,577 km, Republic of the Congo 467 km, Sudan 1,165 km
Coastline:
Definition Field Listing
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims:
Definition Field Listing
none (landlocked)
Climate:
Definition Field Listing
tropical; hot, dry winters; mild to hot, wet summers
Terrain:
Definition Field Listing
vast, flat to rolling, monotonous plateau; scattered hills in northeast and southwest
Elevation extremes:
Definition Field Listing
lowest point: Oubangui River 335 m
highest point: Mont Ngaoui 1,420 m
Natural resources:
Definition Field Listing
diamonds, uranium, timber, gold, oil, hydropower
Land use:
Definition Field Listing
arable land: 3.1%
permanent crops: 0.15%
other: 96.75% (2005)
Irrigated land:
Definition Field Listing
20 sq km (2003)
Total renewable water resources:
Definition Field Listing
144.4 cu km (2003)
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
Definition Field Listing
total: 0.03 cu km/yr (80%/16%/4%)
per capita: 7 cu m/yr (2000)
Natural hazards:
Definition Field Listing
hot, dry, dusty harmattan winds affect northern areas; floods are common
Environment - current issues:
Definition Field Listing
tap water is not potable; poaching has diminished the country's reputation as one of the last great wildlife refuges; desertification; deforestation
Environment - international agreements:
Definition Field Listing
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Geography - note:
Definition Field Listing
landlocked; almost the precise center of Africa
   People    Central African Republic Top of Page
Population:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4,369,038
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2007 est.)
Age structure:
Definition Field Listing
0-14 years: 41.6% (male 914,566/female 903,849)
15-64 years: 54.2% (male 1,174,520/female 1,195,364)
65 years and over: 4.1% (male 71,355/female 109,384) (2007 est.)
Median age:
Definition Field Listing
total: 18.5 years
male: 18.2 years
female: 18.9 years (2007 est.)
Population growth rate:
Definition Field Listing
1.505% (2007 est.)
Birth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
33.52 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Death rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
18.46 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Net migration rate:
Definition Field Listing
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Sex ratio:
Definition Field Listing
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.012 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.983 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.652 male(s)/female
total population: 0.978 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 83.97 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 90.68 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 77.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total population: 43.74 years
male: 43.69 years
female: 43.79 years (2007 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4.32 children born/woman (2007 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
13.5% (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
260,000 (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
23,000 (2003 est.)
Major infectious diseases:
Definition Field Listing
degree of risk: very high
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne disease: malaria
respiratory disease: meningococcal meningitis (2008)
Nationality:
Definition Field Listing
noun: Central African(s)
adjective: Central African
Ethnic groups:
Definition Field Listing
Baya 33%, Banda 27%, Mandjia 13%, Sara 10%, Mboum 7%, M'Baka 4%, Yakoma 4%, other 2%
Religions:
Definition Field Listing
indigenous beliefs 35%, Protestant 25%, Roman Catholic 25%, Muslim 15%
note: animistic beliefs and practices strongly influence the Christian majority
Languages:
Definition Field Listing
French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), tribal languages
Literacy:
Definition Field Listing
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 51%
male: 63.3%
female: 39.9% (2003 est.)
   Government    Central African Republic Top of Page
Country name:
Definition Field Listing
conventional long form: Central African Republic
conventional short form: none
local long form: Republique Centrafricaine
local short form: none
former: Ubangi-Shari, Central African Empire
abbreviation: CAR
Government type:
Definition Field Listing
republic
Capital:
Definition Field Listing
name: Bangui
geographic coordinates: 4 22 N, 18 35 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field Listing
14 prefectures (prefectures, singular - prefecture), 2 economic prefectures* (prefectures economiques, singular - prefecture economique), and 1 commune**; Bamingui-Bangoran, Bangui**, Basse-Kotto, Haute-Kotto, Haut-Mbomou, Kemo, Lobaye, Mambere-Kadei, Mbomou, Nana-Grebizi*, Nana-Mambere, Ombella-Mpoko, Ouaka, Ouham, Ouham-Pende, Sangha-Mbaere*, Vakaga
Independence:
Definition Field Listing
13 August 1960 (from France)
National holiday:
Definition Field Listing
Republic Day, 1 December (1958)
Constitution:
Definition Field Listing
ratified by popular referendum 5 December 2004; effective 27 December 2004
Legal system:
Definition Field Listing
based on French law
Suffrage:
Definition Field Listing
21 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Definition Field Listing
chief of state: President Francois BOZIZE (since 15 March 2003 coup)
head of government: Prime Minister Faustin-Archange TOUADERA (since 22 January 2008)
cabinet: Council of Ministers
elections: under the new constitution, the president elected to a five-year term (eligible for a second term); elections last held 13 March and 8 May 2005 (next to be held in 2010); prime minister appointed by the political party with a parliamentary majority
election results: Francois BOZIZE elected president; percent of second round balloting - Francois BOZIZE (KNK) 64.6%, Martin ZIGUELE (MLPC) 35.4%
Legislative branch:
Definition Field Listing
unicameral National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale (109 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 13 March 2005 and 8 May 2005 (next to be held in 2010)
election results: percent of vote by party - MLPC 43%, RDC 18%, MDD 9%, FPP 6%, PSD 5%, ADP 4%, PUN 3%, FODEM 2%, PLD 2%, UPR 1%, FC 1%, independents 6%; seats by party - MLPC 47, RDC 20, MDD 8, FPP 7, PSD 6, ADP 5, PUN 3, FODEM 2, PLD 2, UPR 1, FC 1, independents 7
Judicial branch:
Definition Field Listing
Supreme Court or Cour Supreme; Constitutional Court (3 judges appointed by the president, 3 by the president of the National Assembly, and 3 by fellow judges); Court of Appeal; Criminal Courts; Inferior Courts
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP [Jacques MBOLIEDAS]; Central African Democratic Assembly or RDC [Andre KOLINGBA]; Civic Forum or FC [Gen. Timothee MALENDOMA]; Democratic Forum for Modernity or FODEM [Charles MASSI]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Nestor KOMBO-NAGUEMON]; Movement for Democracy and Development or MDD [David DACKO]; Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People or MLPC [Ange-Felix PATASSE] (the party of deposed president); National Convergence or KNK; Patriotic Front for Progress or FPP [Abel GOUMBA]; People's Union for the Republic or UPR [Pierre Sammy MAKFOY]; National Unity Party or PUN [Jean-Paul NGOUPANDE]; Social Democratic Party or PSD [Enoch LAKOUE]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
NA
International organization participation:
Definition Field Listing
ACCT, ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIC (observer), OIF, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Definition Field Listing
chief of mission: Ambassador Emmanuel TOUABOY
chancery: 1618 22nd Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 483-7800
FAX: [1] (202) 332-9893
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Definition Field Listing
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires James PANOS
embassy: Avenue David Dacko, Bangui
mailing address: B. P. 924, Bangui
telephone: [236] 61 02 00
FAX: [236] 61 44 94
note: the embassy is currently operating with a minimal staff
Flag description:
Definition Field Listing
four equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, green, and yellow with a vertical red band in center; there is a yellow five-pointed star on the hoist side of the blue band
   Economy    Central African Republic Top of Page
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing
Subsistence agriculture, together with forestry, remains the backbone of the economy of the Central African Republic (CAR), with more than 70% of the population living in outlying areas. The agricultural sector generates more than half of GDP. Timber has accounted for about 16% of export earnings and the diamond industry, for 40%. Important constraints to economic development include the CAR's landlocked position, a poor transportation system, a largely unskilled work force, and a legacy of misdirected macroeconomic policies. Factional fighting between the government and its opponents remains a drag on economic revitalization. Distribution of income is extraordinarily unequal. Grants from France and the international community can only partially meet humanitarian needs.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$3.101 billion (2007 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate):
Definition Field Listing
$1.647 billion (2007 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4% (2007 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$700 (2007 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Definition Field Listing
agriculture: 55%
industry: 20%
services: 25% (2001 est.)
Labor force:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.857 million (2006)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
8% (23% for Bangui) (2001 est.)
Population below poverty line:
Definition Field Listing
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Definition Field Listing
lowest 10%: 0.7%
highest 10%: 47.7% (1993)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Definition Field Listing
61.3 (1993)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4% (2007 est.)
Budget:
Definition Field Listing
revenues: $250 million
expenditures: $273 million (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field Listing
timber, cotton, coffee, tobacco, manioc (tapioca), yams, millet, corn, bananas; timber
Industries:
Definition Field Listing
gold and diamond mining, logging, brewing, textiles, footwear, assembly of bicycles and motorcycles
Industrial production growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
3% (2002)
Electricity - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
109 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
101.4 million kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports:
Definition Field Listing
0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports:
Definition Field Listing
0 kWh (2005)
Oil - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 bbl/day (2005)
Oil - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
2,300 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
2,201 bbl/day (2004)
Oil - proved reserves:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 bbl (1 January 2006 est.)
Natural gas - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (2005)
Natural gas - proved reserves:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (1 January 2006)
Exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$146.7 million f.o.b. (2007 est.)
Exports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
diamonds, timber, cotton, coffee, tobacco
Exports - partners:
Definition Field Listing
Belgium 30.7%, Spain 10.7%, Indonesia 8%, France 7.8%, China 6.9%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 6%, Turkey 5%, Italy 4.7% (2006)
Imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$237.3 million f.o.b. (2007 est.)
Imports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
food, textiles, petroleum products, machinery, electrical equipment, motor vehicles, chemicals, pharmaceuticals
Imports - partners:
Definition Field Listing
France 15.4%, Netherlands 15.1%, US 9.2%, Cameroon 8.9% (2006)
Economic aid - recipient:
Definition Field Listing
ODA, $95.29 million; note - traditional budget subsidies from France (2005 est.)
Debt - external:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$1.153 billion (2007 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$NA
Currency (code):
Definition Field Listing
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Exchange rates:
Definition Field Listing
Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XAF) per US dollar - 481.8 (2007), 522.59 (2006), 527.47 (2005), 528.29 (2004), 581.2 (2003)
Fiscal year:
Definition Field Listing
calendar year
   Communications    Central African Republic Top of Page
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
10,000 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
100,000 (2005)
Telephone system:
Definition Field Listing
general assessment: limited telephone service; fixed-line connections for well less than 1 per 100 persons coupled with mobile-cellular usage of only about 3 per 100 persons
domestic: network consists principally of microwave radio relay and low-capacity, low-powered radiotelephone communication
international: country code - 236; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2007)
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 1 (2001)
Television broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
1 (2001)
Internet country code:
Definition Field Listing
.cf
Internet hosts:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
15 (2007)
Internet users:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
13,000 (2006)
   Transportation    Central African Republic Top of Page
Airports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
51 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 48
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 10
914 to 1,523 m: 24
under 914 m: 13 (2007)
Roadways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 23,810 km (1999)
Waterways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
2,800 km (primarily on the Oubangui and Sangha rivers) (2006)
Ports and terminals:
Definition Field Listing
Bangui, Nola, Salo, Nzinga
   Military    Central African Republic Top of Page
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing
Central African Armed Forces (Forces Armees Centrafricaines, FACA): Ground Forces, General Directorate of Gendarmerie Inspection (DGIG), Military Air Service, National Police (2008)
Military service age and obligation:
Definition Field Listing
18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Manpower available for military service:
Definition Field Listing
males age 18-49: 853,760
females age 18-49: 835,426 (2005 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Definition Field Listing
males age 18-49: 416,091
females age 18-49: 383,056 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.1% (2006 est.)
   Transnational Issues    Central African Republic Top of Page
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing
periodic skirmishes over water and grazing rights among related pastoral populations along the border with southern Sudan persist
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
Definition Field Listing
refugees (country of origin): 19,960 (Sudan), 3,325 (Democratic Republic of the Congo); note - UNHCR resumed repatriation of Southern Sudanese refugees in 2006
IDPs: 150,000 (ongoing unrest following coup in 2003) (2006)
Trafficking in persons:
Definition Field Listing
current situation: Central African Republic is a source and destination country for children trafficked for domestic servitude, sexual exploitation, and forced labor in shops and commercial labor activities; while the majority of child victims are trafficked within the country, some are also trafficked to and from Cameroon and Nigeria
tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List - the Central African Republic failed to provide evidence of increasing efforts to combat trafficking in persons during 2005, specifically its inadequate law enforcement response to trafficking crimes

This page was last updated on 20 March, 2008


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