The World Factbook CIA Home CIA Home About CIA Careers Offices of CIA News & Information Library Kid’s Page Contact CIA CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY

  Field Listing - Military service age and obligation


Country
Military service age and obligation (years of age)
Afghanistan 22 years of age; inductees are contracted into service for a 4-year term (2005)
Albania 19 years of age (2004)
Algeria 19-30 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (6 months basic training, 12 months civil projects) (2006)
Angola 17 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years plus time for training (2001)
Antigua and Barbuda 18 years of age (est.); no conscript military service (2001)
Argentina 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2001)
Armenia 18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Australia 16 years of age for voluntary service; women allowed to serve in Army combat units in non-combat support roles (2001)
Austria 18-35 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 years of age for male or female voluntary service; service obligation 7 months of training, followed by an 8-year reserve obligation (2006)
Azerbaijan men between 18 and 35 are liable for military service; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; length of military service is 18 months and 12 months for university graduates (2006)
Bahamas, The 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)
Bahrain 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)
Bangladesh 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2005)
Barbados 18 years of age for voluntary military service; volunteers at earlier age with parental consent; no conscription (2001)
Belarus 18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2005)
Belgium 16 years of age for voluntary military service; women comprise approx. 7% of the Belgian armed forces (2001)
Belize 18 years of age for voluntary military service; laws allow for conscription only if volunteers are insufficient; conscription has never been implemented; volunteers typically outnumber available positions by 3:1 (2008)
Benin 21 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; in practice, volunteers may be taken at the age of 18; both sexes are eligible for military service; conscript tour of duty - 18 months (2006)
Bermuda 18-23 years of age; eligible men required to register for conscription as needed into the Bermuda Regiment, which is largely voluntary; term of service 39 months (2007)
Bhutan 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2001)
Bolivia 18 years of age for voluntary military service; when annual number of volunteers falls short of goal, compulsory recruitment is effected, including conscription of boys as young as 14; one estimate holds that 40% of the armed forces are under the age of 18, with 50% of those under the age of 16; conscript tour of duty - 12 months (2004)
Bosnia and Herzegovina 17 years of age for voluntary military service in the Federation and in the Republika Srpska; conscription abolished January 2006; 4-month service obligation (2006)
Botswana 18 is the apparent age of voluntary military service; the official qualifications for determining minimum age are unknown (2001)
Brazil 21-45 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 9 to 12 months; 17-45 years of age for voluntary service; an increasing percentage of the ranks are "long-service" volunteer professionals; women were allowed to serve in the armed forces beginning in early 1980s when the Brazilian Army became the first army in South America to accept women into career ranks; women serve in Navy and Air Force only in Women's Reserve Corps (2001)
Brunei 18 years of age (est.) for voluntary military service; non-Malays are ineligible to serve (2007)
Bulgaria 18-27 years of age for voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 9 months; as of May 2006, 67% of the Bulgarian Army comprised of professional soldiers; conscription ended as of 1 January 2008; Air and Air Defense Forces and Naval Forces became fully professional at the end of 2006 (2008)
Burkina Faso 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 20 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)
Burma 18 years of age for voluntary military service for both sexes; forced conscription of children, although officially prohibited, reportedly continues (2007)
Burundi 16 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2001)
Cambodia conscription law of October 2006 requires all males between 18-30 to register for military service; 18-month service obligation (2006)
Cameroon 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; the government makes periodic calls for volunteers (2006)
Canada 16-34 years of age for voluntary military service; women comprise approximately 11% of Canada's armed forces (2006)
Cape Verde 18 years of age (est.) for selective compulsory military service; 14-month conscript service obligation (2006)
Central African Republic 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Chad 20 years of age for conscripts, with 3-year service obligation; 18 years of age for volunteers; no minimum age restriction for volunteers with consent from a guardian; women are subject to 1 year of compulsory military or civic service at age of 21 (2004)
Chile 18-45 years of age for voluntary male and female military service, although the right to compulsory recruitment is retained; service obligation - 12 months for Army, 22 months for Navy and Air Force (2008)
China 18-22 years of age for selective compulsory military service, with 24-month service obligation; no minimum age for voluntary service (all officers are volunteers); 18-19 years of age for women high school graduates who meet requirements for specific military jobs (2007)
Colombia 18-24 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; service obligation - 18 months (2004)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the 18-45 years of age for military service
Congo, Republic of the 18 years of age for voluntary military service; women allowed to serve (2007)
Costa Rica 18 years of age (2004)
Cote d'Ivoire 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2004)
Croatia 18-27 years of age for compulsory military service; 16 years of age with consent for voluntary service; 6-month conscript service obligation; full conversion to professional military service by 2010 (2006)
Cuba 17-28 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year service obligation; both sexes subject to military service (2006)
Cyprus Greek Cypriot National Guard (GCNG): 18-50 years of age for compulsory military service for all Greek Cypriot males; 17 years of age for voluntary service; females are not conscripted; age of military eligibility 17 to 50; length of normal service is 25 months with a minimum of 3 months (2006)
Czech Republic 18-50 years of age for voluntary military service (2005)
Denmark 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscripts serve an initial training period that varies from 4 to 12 months according to specialization; reservists are assigned to mobilization units following completion of their conscript service; women eligible to volunteer for military service (2004)
Djibouti 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)
Dominican Republic 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)
Ecuador 20 years of age for selective conscript military service; 12-month service obligation (2006)
Egypt 18-30 years of age for male conscript military service; service obligation 12-36 months, followed by a 9-year reserve obligation (2006)
El Salvador 18 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 16 years of age for voluntary service; 12-month service obligation (2006)
Equatorial Guinea 18 years of age (est.) (2004)
Eritrea 18-40 years of age for male and female voluntary and compulsory military service; 16-month conscript service obligation (2006)
Estonia compulsory military service for men between 19 and 28; conscription lasts 11 months for junior NCOs and reserve platoon leaders; reserve officers and designated specialists have a different conscript service obligation; Estonia has committed to retaining conscription for men up to 2010 and, unlike Latvia and Lithuania, has no plan to transition to a contract armed forces; 17 years of age for volunteers; reserve commitment up to the age of 60 (2006)
Ethiopia 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2001)
Fiji 18 years of age for voluntary military service; reserve obligation to age 45 (2006)
Finland 18 years of age for male voluntary and compulsory national military and nonmilitary service; service obligation 6-12 months (2007)
France 17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription ended in 1996; women serve in noncombat military posts (2005)
Gabon 20 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service (2007)
Gambia, The 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2001)
Georgia 18 to 34 years of age for compulsory and voluntary active duty military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2005)
Germany 18 years of age (conscripts serve a 9-month tour of compulsory military service) (2004)
Ghana 18 years of age for compulsory and volunteer military service (2001)
Greece 18 years of age for compulsory military service; during wartime the law allows for recruitment beginning January of the year of inductee's 18th birthday, thus including 17 year olds; 17 years of age for volunteers; conscript service obligation - 12 months for the Army, Air Force; 15 months for Navy; women are eligible for voluntary military service (2007)
Guatemala all male citizens between the ages of 18 and 50 are liable for military service; conscript service obligation varies from 12 to 24 months; women can serve as officers (2007)
Guinea 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Guinea-Bissau 18 years of age for selective compulsory military service (2006)
Honduras 18 years of age for voluntary 2 to 3-year military service (2004)
Hong Kong 18 years of age (2004)
Hungary 18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in June 2004; 6-month service obligation, with reserve obligation to age 50 (2006)
India 16 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)
Indonesia 18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year conscript service obligation, with reserve obligation to age 45 (2006)
Iran 18 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 years of age for volunteers; soldiers as young as 9 were recruited extensively during the Iran-Iraq War; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2004)
Iraq 18-40 years of age for voluntary military service (2006)
Ireland 17 years of age for voluntary military service; enlistees under the age of 17 can be recruited for specialist positions (2001)
Israel 18 years of age for compulsory (Jews, Druzes) and voluntary (Christians, Muslims, Circassians) military service; both sexes are obligated to military service; conscript service obligation - 36 months for enlisted men, 21 months for enlisted women, 48 months for officers; reserve obligation to age 41-51 (men), 24 (women) (2008)
Italy 18-27 year of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished January 2005; women may serve in any military branch; 10-month service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 45 (Army and Air Force) or 39 (Navy) (2006)
Jamaica 18 years of age for voluntary military service; younger recruits may be conscripted with parental consent (2001)
Japan 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)
Jordan 17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription at age 18 was suspended in 1999, although all males under age 37 are required to register; women not subject to conscription, but can volunteer to serve in non-combat military positions (2004)
Kazakhstan 18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years; minimum age for volunteers NA (2004)
Kenya 18 years of age (est.) for voluntary service, with a 9-year obligation (2007)
Korea, North 17 years of age (2004)
Korea, South 20-30 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 24-28 months, depending on the military branch involved (to be reduced to 18 months beginning 2016); 18 years of age for voluntary military service; women, in service since 1950, admitted to 7 service branches, including infantry, but excluded from artillery, armor, anti-air, and chaplaincy corps; some 4,000 women serve as commissioned and noncommissioned officers, approx. 2.3% of all officers (2007)
Kuwait 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; reserve obligation to age 40 with 1 month annual training; women have served in police forces since 1999 (2006)
Kyrgyzstan 18 years of age for compulsory military service (2001)
Laos 15 years of age for compulsory military service; minimum 18-month conscript service obligation (2006)
Latvia 18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished January 2007; under current law, every citizen is entitled to serve in the armed forces for life (2006)
Lebanon 18-30 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; in May 2005, conscript service obligation reduced from 12 to 6 months over a 2-year period; conscripts eligible to volunteer for 5 years of military service upon completing 6 months of conscript service; Lebanon is moving toward a predominantly professional armed forces (2005)
Lesotho 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)
Liberia 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2001)
Libya 17 years of age (2004)
Lithuania 19-45 years of age for compulsory military service; 18 years of age for volunteers; 12-month conscript service obligation (2006)
Luxembourg 17 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers under 18 are not deployed into combat or with peacekeeping missions (2004)
Macedonia 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)
Madagascar 18-50 years of age for compulsory military service; 18-month conscript service obligation (either military or equivalent civil service) (2006)
Malawi 18 years of age for voluntary military service; standard obligation is 2 years of active duty and 5 years of reserve service (2007)
Malaysia 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2005)
Maldives 18 years of age (est.) (2004)
Mali 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)
Malta 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2001)
Mauritania 18 years of age (est.); conscript service obligation - 2 years; majority of servicemen believed to be volunteers; service in Air Force and Navy is voluntary (2006)
Mexico 18 years of age for compulsory military service, conscript service obligation - 12 months; 16 years of age with consent for voluntary enlistment; conscripts serve only in the Army; Navy and Air Force service is all voluntary; women are eligible for voluntary military service (2007)
Moldova 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 12-month service obligation (2006)
Mongolia 18-25 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months in land or air defense forces or police; a small portion of Mongolian land forces (2.5 percent) is comprised of contract soldiers; women cannot be deployed overseas for military operations (2006)
Montenegro compulsory national military service abolished August 2006
Morocco 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months (2004)
Mozambique 18-30 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year service obligation (2006)
Namibia 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)
Nepal 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)
Netherlands 20 years of age for an all-volunteer force (2004)
Netherlands Antilles 16 years of age for National Guard recruitment; no conscription (2004)
New Zealand 17 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers cannot be deployed until the age of 18 (2001)
Nicaragua 17 years of age for voluntary military service; tour of duty 18-36 months (2007)
Niger 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Nigeria 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)
Norway 18-44 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 years of age in wartime; 17 years of age for male volunteers; 18 years of age for women; 12-month service obligation, in practice shortened to 8 to 9 months; although all males between ages of 18 and 44 are liable for service, in practice they are seldom called to duty after age 30; reserve obligation to age 35-60; 16 years of age for volunteers to the Home Guard, who serve 6-month duty tours (2006)
Oman 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)
Pakistan 16 years of age for voluntary military service; soldiers cannot be deployed for combat until age of 18; the Pakistani Air Force and Pakistani Navy have inducted their first female pilots and sailors (2006)
Papua New Guinea 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)
Paraguay 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months for Army, 24 months for Navy (2006)
Peru 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 1999 (2004)
Philippines 18-25 years of age (officers 21-29) for compulsory and voluntary military service; applicants must be single male or female Philippine citizens (2007)
Poland 17 years of age for male compulsory military service after January 1st of the year of 18th birthday; 17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscript service obligation shortened from 12 to 9 months in 2005; by 2008, plans call for at least 60% of military personnel to be volunteers; only soldiers who have completed their conscript service are allowed to volunteer for professional service; as of April 2004, women are only allowed to serve as officers and noncommissioned officers (2006)
Portugal 18 years of age for voluntary military service; compulsory military service ended in 2004; women serve in the armed forces, on naval ships since 1993, but are prohibited from serving in some combatant specialties (2005)
Qatar 18 years of age for voluntary military service; land forces enlisted personnel are largely unprofessional foreign nationals (2005)
Romania 18 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription officially ended October 2006; all military inductees (including women) contract for an initial 5-year term of service; subsequent voluntary service contracts are for successive 3-year terms until the age of 36 (2006)
Russia 18-27 years of age for compulsory or voluntary military service; males are registered for the draft at 17 years of age; service obligation - 1 year; reserve obligation to age 50; foreign citizens and dual-nationality Russians are precluded from contract military service
note: Russia has adopted a mixed conscript-contract force; 30% of Russian army personnel were contract servicemen at the end of 2005; planning calls for volunteer servicemen to compose 70% of armed forces by 2010 with the remaining servicemen consisting of conscripts; as of November 2006, the Armed Forces had more than 60 units manned with contract personnel totaling over 78,000 contract privates and sergeants; 88 Ministry of Defense units have been designated as permanent readiness units and are expected to become all-volunteer by the end of 2007; these include most air force, naval, and nuclear arms units, as well as all airborne and naval infantry units, most motorized rifle brigades, and all special forces detachments; all personnel on ships and submarines will be contract servicemen beginning in 2009; more than 92,000 females serve on active duty with the Russian Armed Forces (2007)
Rwanda 16 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2001)
Saint Kitts and Nevis 18 years of age (est.) (2004)
Sao Tome and Principe 18 years of age (est.) (2004)
Saudi Arabia 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2004)
Senegal 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years (2004)
Serbia 19-35 years of age for compulsory military service; under a state of war or impending war, conscription can begin at age 16; conscription is to be abolished in 2010; 9-month service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 60 for men and 50 for women (2007)
Seychelles 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)
Sierra Leone 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)
Singapore 18 years of age for male compulsory military service; 16 years of age for volunteers; 2-year conscript service obligation, with a reserve obligation to age 40 for enlisted or age 50 for officers (2007)
Slovakia 17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2006; women are eligible to serve (2006)
Slovenia 17 years of age for voluntary military service; conscription abolished in 2003 (2007)
Somalia 18 years of age (est.) (2001)
South Africa 18 years of age for voluntary military service; women have a long history of military service in noncombat roles dating back to World War I (2004)
Spain 20 years of age (2004)
Sri Lanka 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)
Sudan 18-30 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year service obligation (2006)
Suriname 18 years of age (est.); no conscription
Swaziland 18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; both sexes are eligible for military service (2005)
Sweden 19 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation: 7-15 months (Navy), 8-12 months (Air Force); after completing initial service, soldiers have a reserve commitment until age 47 (2006)
Switzerland 19 years of age for male compulsory military service; 17 years of age for voluntary military service; the Swiss Constitution states that "every Swiss male is obliged to do military service"; every Swiss male has to serve for at least 260 days in the armed forces; conscripts receive 18 weeks of mandatory training, followed by seven 3-week intermittent recalls for training over the next 10 years; women are accepted on a voluntary basis but are not conscripted (2005)
Syria 18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 30 months (18 months in the Syrian Arab Navy); women are not conscripted but may volunteer to serve (2004)
Taiwan 19-35 years of age for male compulsory military service; service obligation 16 months (to be shortened to 14 months as of July 2007 and to 12 months in 2008); women may enlist; women in Air Force service are restricted to noncombat roles; reserve obligation to age 30 (2007)
Tajikistan 18 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Tanzania 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)
Thailand 21 years of age for compulsory military service; 18 years of age for voluntary military service; males are registered at 18 years of age; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Timor-Leste 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2001)
Togo 18 years of age for selective compulsory and voluntary military service; 2-year service obligation (2006)
Tonga 18 years of age (est.) (2004)
Trinidad and Tobago 18 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription (2001)
Tunisia 20 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months; 18 years of age for voluntary military service (2007)
Turkey 20 years of age (2004)
Turkmenistan 18-30 years of age for compulsory military service; 2-year conscript service obligation (2006)
Uganda 18-26 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military duty; 18-30 years of age for professionals; 9-year service obligation; the government has stated that recruitment below 18 years of age could occur with proper consent and that "no person under the apparent age of 13 years shall be enrolled in the armed forces" (2007)
Ukraine 18-25 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 18 months for Army and Air Force, 24 months for Navy (2004)
United Arab Emirates 18 years of age (est.); no conscription (2001)
United Kingdom 16-33 years of age (officers 17-28) for voluntary military service (with parental consent under 18); women serve in military services, but are excluded from ground combat positions and some naval postings; must be citizen of the UK, Commonwealth, or Republic of Ireland; reservists serve a minimum of 3 years, to age 45 or 55 (2007)
United States 18 years of age; 17 years of age with written parental consent (2006)
Uruguay 18 years of age for voluntary and compulsory military service; enlistment is voluntary in peacetime, but the government has the authority to conscript in emergencies (2007)
Uzbekistan 18 years of age for compulsory military service; conscript service obligation - 12 months (2004)
Venezuela 18 years of age for compulsory and voluntary military service; conscript service obligation - 30 months; all citizens of military service age (between 18 and 50 years old) are obligated to register for military service (2007)
Vietnam 18 years of age (male) for compulsory military service; females may volunteer for active duty military service; conscript service obligation - 2 years (3 to 4 years in the navy); 18-45 years of age (male) or 18-40 years of age (female) for Militia Force or Self Defense Forces (2006)
Yemen voluntary military service program authorized in 2001; 2-year service obligation (2006)
Zambia 18 years of age (est.) (2004)
Zimbabwe 18-24 years of age for compulsory military service; women are eligible to serve (2007)

This page was last updated on 20 March, 2008
Bottom Banner