Oracle7 Administrator's Reference for UNIX

Oracle TCP/IP Protocol Adapter

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a family of related protocols. TCP assures reliable transfer of data from one point to another and IP dispatches information around a network.

The TCP/IP protocol views the network as a two-way data transmission medium. The network provides connection-oriented interprocess communication between pairs of processes in host computers attached to interconnected computer networks.

The application or client process initiates its TCP/IP connection with a remote host process by specifying a host IP address and a TCP port (or entry point) on the host. After they are connected the pair of communicating processes send and receive data in a continuous byte stream.

Using the Oracle TCP/IP Protocol Adapter

See Also: For information about configuring clients, servers, navigators, and MPIs, see the "Overview of SQL*Net Version 2 Products"

Configuring the Listener

Oracle Corporation recommends that you reserve a port for your SQL*Net listener in the /etc/services file of each node on the network that defines the SQL*Net listener port. The port is commonly 1521. The entry should list the listener name and the port number, for example:

listener     1521/tcp

where listener is the name of the listener, as defined in listener.ora.

Reserve more than one port to start more than one listener.

Specifying the TCP/IP Protocol Adapter Address

The Oracle TCP/IP Protocol Adapter allows TNS and its applications to integrate with the TCP/IP communications protocol. The TCP/IP Protocol Adapter implements a standard interface used to resolve the equivalent communication functions of the TCP/IP protocol and TNS.

After the TCP/IP protocol and Oracle TCP/IP Protocol Adapter are installed for your system, you can use TCP/IP parameters with the TNS connect descriptors to identify nodes in a TCP/IP community.

The TCP/IP Protocol Adapter connection parameters are part of the ADDRESS keyword-value pair. You can enter the name of the TCP/IP community and the three TCP/IP parameters in any order. The syntax is:

(ADDRESS=

   [(COMMUNITY=community_name)]

   (PROTOCOL=TCP)

   (HOST=hostname)

   (PORT=port_id)

where:

TCP is the community name to be used with MPI. The community name should be unique on the network.
protocol is the adapter to be used. The value can be uppercase or lowercase. The default is tcp.
hostname is the host name or the host's IP address
port_id is the TCP/IP port, either a number or the name specified in the /etc/services file. Oracle Corporation recommends a value of 1521.

Example:

Following is an example of the TCP/IP ADDRESS specifying a client in the TCP.MFG.ACME community on the MADRID host:

(ADDRESS=

   (COMMUNITY=TCP.MFG.ACME)

   (PROTOCOL=TCP)

   (HOST=MADRID)

   (PORT=1521))

The last field could be specified by name, for example, (PORT=listener). The ADDRESS is commonly part of a larger construct such as a connect descriptor or configuration file.

MTS Configuration

To enable the MTS configuration, update the initsid.ora and listener.ora files to specify the dispatchers used for each Oracle Protocol Adapter. Then start an Oracle instance.

Updating the initsid.ora File

To enable the MTS configuration, specify the following in initsid.ora:

mts_dispatchers is the number of dispatchers. The syntax for this parameter is "p,n" where p is the protocol for the dispatcher and n is the number of dispatchers to start for the protocol.
mts_max_ dispatchers is the maximum number of dispatchers
mts_service is the dispatcher service name passed to the network listener when the dispatcher starts. It is used by set instance to route users to dispatchers of a service.
mts_servers is the minimum number of shared servers
mts_max_servers is the maximum number of shared servers
mts_listener_ address is a SQL*Net version 2 address used to connect to the network listener. It begins with (ADDRESS=...).

Following is an example of an initsid.ora MTS dispatcher configuration:

mts_dispatchers="tcp,1"    # run 1 TCP/IP dispatcher

mts_dispatchers="ipc,1"    # run 1 IPC dispatcher

mts_max_dispatchers=10     # max no of dispatchers

mts_service = ORA7         # dispatcher service name

                           # (=ORACLE_SID)

mts_servers=1              # min no of shared servers

mts_max_servers=10         # max no of shared servers

mts_listener_address = "(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)

                        (PORT=1541) (HOST=hostname))"

Updating the listener.ora File

When you configure your system for MTS, specify the listener address definition for each adapter added to initsid.ora in the listener.ora file

TCP	is the community name to be used with MPI. The community name should be unique on the network.
protocol	is the adapter to be used. The value can be uppercase or lowercase. The default is tcp.
hostname	is the host name or the host's IP address
port_id	is the TCP/IP port, either a number or the name specified in the /etc/services file. Oracle Corporation recommends a value of 1521.

mts_dispatchers	is the number of dispatchers. The syntax for this parameter is "p,n" where p is the protocol for the dispatcher and n is the number of dispatchers to start for the protocol.
mts_max_ dispatchers	is the maximum number of dispatchers
mts_service	is the dispatcher service name passed to the network listener when the dispatcher starts. It is used by set instance to route users to dispatchers of a service.
mts_servers	is the minimum number of shared servers
mts_max_servers	is the maximum number of shared servers
mts_listener_ address	is a SQL*Net version 2 address used to connect to the network listener. It begins with (ADDRESS=...).