Legend:
 Definition
 Field Listing
 Rank Order
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Background:
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First settled by the British in 1623, the islands became an associated state with full internal autonomy in 1967. The island of Anguilla rebelled and was allowed to secede in 1971. Saint Kitts and Nevis achieved independence in 1983. In 1998, a vote in Nevis on a referendum to separate from Saint Kitts fell short of the two-thirds majority needed. Nevis is once more trying to separate from the Saint Kitts.
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Location:
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Caribbean, islands in the Caribbean Sea, about one-third of the way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago
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Geographic coordinates:
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17 20 N, 62 45 W
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Map references:
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Central America and the Caribbean
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Area:
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total: 261 sq km (Saint Kitts 168 sq km; Nevis 93 sq km)
water: 0 sq km
land: 261 sq km
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Area - comparative:
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1.5 times the size of Washington, DC
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Land boundaries:
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0 km
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Coastline:
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135 km
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Maritime claims - as described in UNCLOS 1982 (see Notes and Definitions):
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territorial sea: 12 NM
continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
contiguous zone: 24 NM
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Climate:
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tropical tempered by constant sea breezes; little seasonal temperature variation; rainy season (May to November)
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Terrain:
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volcanic with mountainous interiors
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Liamuiga 1,156 m
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Natural resources:
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arable land
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Land use:
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arable land: 16.67%
permanent crops: 2.78%
other: 80.55% (1998 est.)
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km
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Natural hazards:
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hurricanes (July to October)
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Environment - current issues:
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NA
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
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Geography - note:
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with coastlines in the shape of a baseball bat and ball, the two volcanic islands are separated by a three-km-wide channel called The Narrows; on the southern tip of long, baseball bat-shaped Saint Kitts lies the Great Salt Pond; Nevis Peak sits in the center of its almost circular namesake island and its ball shape complements that of its sister island
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Population:
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38,836 (July 2004 est.)
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 28.6% (male 5,675; female 5,422)
15-64 years: 63% (male 12,242; female 12,236)
65 years and over: 8.4% (male 1,349; female 1,912) (2004 est.)
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Median age:
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total: 27.3 years
male: 26.5 years
female: 28.1 years (2004 est.)
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Population growth rate:
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0.25% (2004 est.)
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Birth rate:
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18.26 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
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Death rate:
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8.65 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
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Net migration rate:
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-7.11 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female
total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 14.94 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 13.05 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
male: 16.72 deaths/1,000 live births
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 71.86 years
male: 69.03 years
female: 74.86 years (2004 est.)
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Total fertility rate:
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2.35 children born/woman (2004 est.)
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA%
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA
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Nationality:
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noun: Kittitian(s), Nevisian(s)
adjective: Kittitian, Nevisian
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Ethnic groups:
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predominantly black; some British, Portuguese, and Lebanese
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Religions:
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Anglican, other Protestant, Roman Catholic
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Languages:
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English
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
total population: 97%
male: 97%
female: 98% (1980 est.)
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Federation of Saint Kitts and Nevis
conventional short form: Saint Kitts and Nevis
former: Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis
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Government type:
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constitutional monarchy with Westminster-style parliament
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Capital:
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Basseterre
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Administrative divisions:
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14 parishes; Christ Church Nichola Town, Saint Anne Sandy Point, Saint George Basseterre, Saint George Gingerland, Saint James Windward, Saint John Capesterre, Saint John Figtree, Saint Mary Cayon, Saint Paul Capesterre, Saint Paul Charlestown, Saint Peter Basseterre, Saint Thomas Lowland, Saint Thomas Middle Island, Trinity Palmetto Point
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Independence:
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19 September 1983 (from UK)
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National holiday:
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Independence Day, 19 September (1983)
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Constitution:
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19 September 1983
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Legal system:
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based on English common law
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Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Cuthbert Montraville SEBASTIAN (since 1 January 1996)
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor general is appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition is usually appointed prime minister by the governor general; deputy prime minister appointed by the governor general
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general in consultation with the prime minister
head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS (since 6 July 1995) and Deputy Prime Minister Sam CONDOR (since 6 July 1995)
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral National Assembly (14 seats, 3 appointed and 11 popularly elected from single-member constituencies; members serve five-year terms)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - SKNLP 8, CCM 2, NRP 1
elections: last held 6 March 2000 (next to be held by July 2005)
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Judicial branch:
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Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court (based on Saint Lucia; one judge of the Supreme Court resides in Saint Kitts and Nevis)
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Political parties and leaders:
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Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Vance AMORY]; Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]; People's Action Movement or PAM [Lindsey GRANT]; Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS]
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA
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International organization participation:
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ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTrO
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Dr. Izben Cordinal WILLIAMS
chancery: 3216 New Mexico Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20016
telephone: [1] (202) 686-2636
FAX: [1] (202) 686-5740
consulate(s) general: New York
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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the US does not have an embassy in Saint Kitts and Nevis; the US Ambassador to Barbados, Ambassador Mary E. KRAMER, is accredited to Saint Kitts and Nevis
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Flag description:
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divided diagonally from the lower hoist side by a broad black band bearing two white, five-pointed stars; the black band is edged in yellow; the upper triangle is green, the lower triangle is red
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Economy - overview:
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Sugar was the traditional mainstay of the Saint Kitts economy until the 1970s. Although the crop still dominates the agricultural sector, activities such as tourism, export-oriented manufacturing, and offshore banking have assumed larger roles in the economy. As tourism revenues are now the chief source of the islands' foreign exchange, a decline in stopover tourist arrivals following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks has eroded government finances. The opening of a 1,000+ bed Marriott hotel in February 2003 was expected to bring in much-needed revenue.
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $339 million (2002 est.)
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GDP - real growth rate:
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-1.9% (2002 est.)
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $8,800 (2002 est.)
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 3.5%
industry: 25.8%
services: 70.7% (2001)
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Population below poverty line:
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NA% (1997 est.)
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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1.7% (2001 est.)
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Labor force:
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18,172 (June 1995)
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Labor force - by occupation:
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NA
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Unemployment rate:
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4.5% (1997)
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Budget:
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revenues: $89.7 million
expenditures: $128.2 million, including capital expenditures of $19.5 million (2003 est.)
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Industries:
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sugar processing, tourism, cotton, salt, copra, clothing, footwear, beverages
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Industrial production growth rate:
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NA%
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Electricity - production:
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100.3 million kWh (2001)
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0%
other: 0% (2001)
nuclear: 0%
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Electricity - consumption:
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93.26 million kWh (2001)
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2001)
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2001)
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2001 est.)
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Oil - consumption:
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710 bbl/day (2001 est.)
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Oil - exports:
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NA
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Oil - imports:
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NA
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Agriculture - products:
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sugarcane, rice, yams, vegetables, bananas; fish
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Exports:
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$70 million (2002 est.)
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Exports - commodities:
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machinery, food, electronics, beverages, tobacco
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Exports - partners:
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US 65.7%, Canada 7.1%, UK 7.1%, Portugal 5.7% (2002)
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Imports:
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$195 million (2002 est.)
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Imports - commodities:
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machinery, manufactures, food, fuels
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Imports - partners:
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US 39%, Trinidad and Tobago 15.4%, Canada 9.2%, UK 6.7%, Denmark 6.2% (2002)
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Debt - external:
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$171 million (2001)
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$8 million (2001)
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Currency:
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East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
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Currency code:
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XCD
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Exchange rates:
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East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7 (2003), 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999)
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Fiscal year:
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calendar year
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This page was last updated on 11 May, 2004
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