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  Martinique  
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  Introduction
  Geography
  People
  Government
  Economy
  Communications
  Transportation
  Military
  Transnational Issues

In general, information available as of 1 January, 2004
was used in the preparation of The World Factbook 2004.


This page was last updated on 11 May, 2004


Map of Martinique

Legend: DefinitionDefinition Field ListingField Listing Rank OrderRank Order
   Introduction    Martinique
Background:
Definition Field Listing
Colonized by France in 1635, the island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation.
   Geography    Martinique
Location:
Definition Field Listing
Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago
Geographic coordinates:
Definition Field Listing
14 40 N, 61 00 W
Map references:
Definition Field Listing
Central America and the Caribbean
Area:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 1,100 sq km
water: 40 sq km
land: 1,060 sq km
Area - comparative:
Definition Field Listing
slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
Definition Field Listing
0 km
Coastline:
Definition Field Listing
350 km
Maritime claims - as described in UNCLOS 1982 (see Notes and Definitions):
Definition Field Listing
territorial sea: 12 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
Climate:
Definition Field Listing
tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid
Terrain:
Definition Field Listing
mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano
Elevation extremes:
Definition Field Listing
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Montagne Pelee 1,397 m
Natural resources:
Definition Field Listing
coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land
Land use:
Definition Field Listing
arable land: 9.43%
permanent crops: 11.32%
other: 79.25% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land:
Definition Field Listing
30 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards:
Definition Field Listing
hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years)
Environment - current issues:
Definition Field Listing
NA
Geography - note:
Definition Field Listing
the island is dominated by Mount Pelee, which on 8 May 1902 erupted and completely destroyed the city of Saint Pierre, killing 30,000 inhabitants
   People    Martinique
Population:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
429,510 (July 2004 est.)
Age structure:
Definition Field Listing
0-14 years: 22.6% (male 49,245; female 47,845)
15-64 years: 67% (male 143,893; female 143,963)
65 years and over: 10.4% (male 20,043; female 24,521) (2004 est.)
Median age:
Definition Field Listing
total: 33.1 years
male: 32.5 years
female: 33.8 years (2004 est.)
Population growth rate:
Definition Field Listing
0.81% (2004 est.)
Birth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
14.56 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Death rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
6.43 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Net migration rate:
Definition Field Listing
-0.05 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Sex ratio:
Definition Field Listing
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female
total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 7.27 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 9.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
male: 4.79 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total population: 78.88 years
male: 79.35 years
female: 78.4 years (2004 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.79 children born/woman (2004 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA%
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA
Nationality:
Definition Field Listing
noun: Martiniquais (singular and plural)
adjective: Martiniquais
Ethnic groups:
Definition Field Listing
African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Chinese less than 5%
Religions:
Definition Field Listing
Roman Catholic 85%, Protestant 10.5%, Muslim 0.5%, Hindu 0.5%, other 3.5% (1997)
Languages:
Definition Field Listing
French, Creole patois
Literacy:
Definition Field Listing
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 97.7%
male: 97.4%
female: 98.1% (2003 est.)
   Government    Martinique
Country name:
Definition Field Listing
conventional long form: Department of Martinique
conventional short form: Martinique
local short form: Martinique
local long form: Departement de la Martinique
Dependency status:
Definition Field Listing
overseas department of France
Government type:
Definition Field Listing
NA
Capital:
Definition Field Listing
Fort-de-France
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field Listing
none (overseas department of France)
Independence:
Definition Field Listing
none (overseas department of France)
National holiday:
Definition Field Listing
Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Constitution:
Definition Field Listing
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Legal system:
Definition Field Listing
French legal system
Suffrage:
Definition Field Listing
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
Definition Field Listing
chief of state: President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Yves DASSONVILLE (since 14 January 2004); note - took office 8 February 2004
elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils
head of government: President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998)
cabinet: NA
Legislative branch:
Definition Field Listing
unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Assembly or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Assembly - last held on 28 March 2004 (next to be held by March 2010)
election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - left-wing candidates 13, PPM 11, RPR 6, right-wing candidates 5, PCM 3, UDF 3, PMS 2, independents 2; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Assembly (second round) - percent of vote by party - MIM 53.8%, PPM 30.6%; seats by party - MIM 28, PPM 9, other 4
note: Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 2001 (next to be held September 2004); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPM 2; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held, first round - 9 June 2002, second round - 16 June 2002 (next to be held not later than June 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UMP-RPR 1, PS 1, MIM 1, left-wing candidate 1 (candidacy of the left-wing candidate was found invalid by the Constitutional Council; new elections will be called)
Judicial branch:
Definition Field Listing
Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
Martinique Communist Party or PCM [Georges ERICHOT]; Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Pierre SUEDILE]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Movement of Democrats and Ecologists for a Sovereign Martinique or Modemas [Garcin MALSA]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES]; Union for French Democracy or UDF [Jean MAREN]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP
International organization participation:
Definition Field Listing
WCL, WFTU
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Definition Field Listing
none (overseas department of France)
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Definition Field Listing
none (overseas department of France)
Flag description:
Definition Field Listing
a light blue background is divided into four quadrants by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white snake; the flag of France is used for official occasions
   Economy    Martinique
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing
The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism, which employs more than 11,000 people, has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange.
GDP:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
purchasing power parity - $6.117 billion (2003 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA%
GDP - per capita:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
purchasing power parity - $14,400 (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Definition Field Listing
agriculture: 6%
industry: 11%
services: 83% (1997 est.)
Population below poverty line:
Definition Field Listing
NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Definition Field Listing
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
3.9% (1990)
Labor force:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
165,900 (1998)
Labor force - by occupation:
Definition Field Listing
agriculture 10%, industry 17%, services 73% (1997)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
27.2% (1998)
Budget:
Definition Field Listing
revenues: $900 million
expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996)
Industries:
Definition Field Listing
construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism
Industrial production growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA%
Electricity - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.151 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source:
Definition Field Listing
fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0%
other: 0% (2001)
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.07 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports:
Definition Field Listing
0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports:
Definition Field Listing
0 kWh (2001)
Oil - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
13,500 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA
Oil - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field Listing
pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane
Exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$250 million f.o.b. (1997)
Exports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples (2001 est.)
Exports - partners:
Definition Field Listing
France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (2000)
Imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$2 billion c.i.f. (1997)
Imports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods
Imports - partners:
Definition Field Listing
France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (2000)
Debt - external:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$180 million (1994)
Economic aid - recipient:
Definition Field Listing
$NA; note - substantial annual aid from France (1998)
Currency:
Definition Field Listing
euro (EUR)
Currency code:
Definition Field Listing
EUR
Exchange rates:
Definition Field Listing
euros per US dollar - 0.8860 (2003), 1.0626 (2002), 1.1175 (2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998)
Fiscal year:
Definition Field Listing
calendar year
   Communications    Martinique
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
172,000 est (2001)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
319,900 (2002)
Telephone system:
Definition Field Listing
general assessment: domestic facilities are adequate
domestic: NA
international: country code - 596; microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998)
Television broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997)
Internet country code:
Definition Field Listing
.mq
Internet users:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
40,000 (2002)
   Transportation    Martinique
Railways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 km
Highways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 2,105 km
paved: NA km
unpaved: NA km (2000)
Waterways:
Definition Field Listing
none
Ports and harbors:
Definition Field Listing
Fort-de-France, La Trinite
Merchant marine:
Definition Field Listing
none
Airports:
Definition Field Listing
2 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 1
over 3,047 m: 1 (2003 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2003 est.)
   Military    Martinique
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing
no regular military forces; Gendarmerie
Military - note:
Definition Field Listing
defense is the responsibility of France
   Transnational Issues    Martinique
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing
none
Illicit drugs:
Definition Field Listing
transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe

This page was last updated on 11 May, 2004


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