| The World Factbook 2002 | ||
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Grenada |
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| Introduction | Grenada |
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Background:
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One of the smallest independent countries in the western hemisphere, Grenada was seized by a Marxist military council on 19 October 1983. Six days later the island was invaded by US forces and those of six other Caribbean nations, which quickly captured the ringleaders and their hundreds of Cuban advisers. Free elections were reinstituted the following year. |
| Geography | Grenada |
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Location:
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Caribbean, island between the Caribbean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, north of Trinidad and Tobago |
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Geographic coordinates:
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12 07 N, 61 40 W |
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Map references:
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Central America and the Caribbean |
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Area:
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total: 344 sq km
water: 0 sq km land: 344 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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twice the size of Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries:
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0 km |
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Coastline:
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121 km |
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Maritime claims:
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exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM |
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Climate:
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tropical; tempered by northeast trade winds |
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Terrain:
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volcanic in origin with central mountains |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mount Saint Catherine 840 m |
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Natural resources:
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timber, tropical fruit, deepwater harbors |
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Land use:
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arable land: 6%
permanent crops: 26% other: 68% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km |
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Natural hazards:
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lies on edge of hurricane belt; hurricane season lasts from June to November |
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Environment - current issues:
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NA |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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Geography - note:
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the administration of the islands of the Grenadines group is divided between Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Grenada |
| People | Grenada |
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Population:
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89,211 (July 2002 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 35.9% (male 16,213; female 15,863)
15-64 years: 60.3% (male 28,460; female 25,307) 65 years and over: 3.8% (male 1,546; female 1,822) (2002 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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0.02% (2002 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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23.05 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Death rate:
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7.63 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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-15.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.02 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.12 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female total population: 1.08 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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14.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 64.52 years
female: 66.31 years (2002 est.) male: 62.74 years |
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Total fertility rate:
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2.5 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA% |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
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Nationality:
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noun: Grenadian(s)
adjective: Grenadian |
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Ethnic groups:
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black 82%, mixed black and European 13%, European and East Indian 5% , and trace of Arawak/Carib Amerindian |
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Religions:
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Roman Catholic 53%, Anglican 13.8%, other Protestant 33.2% |
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Languages:
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English (official), French patois |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98% male: 98% female: 98% (1970 est.) |
| Government | Grenada |
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Country name:
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conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Grenada |
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Government type:
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constitutional monarchy with Westminster-style parliament |
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Capital:
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Saint George's |
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Administrative divisions:
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6 parishes and 1 dependency*; Carriacou and Petit Martinique*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Mark, Saint Patrick |
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Independence:
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7 February 1974 (from UK) |
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National holiday:
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Independence Day, 7 February (1974) |
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Constitution:
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19 December 1973 |
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Legal system:
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based on English common law |
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Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General Daniel WILLIAMS (since 9 August 1996)
head of government: Prime Minister Keith MITCHELL (since 22 June 1995) cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor general appointed by the monarch; prime minister appointed by the governor general from among the members of the House of Assembly |
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Legislative branch:
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bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (a 13-member body, 10 appointed by the government and three by the leader of the opposition) and the House of Representatives (15 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held on 18 January 1999 (next to be held by NA October 2004) election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NNP 14, GULP 1 |
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Judicial branch:
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West Indies Associate States Supreme Court (an associate judge resides in Grenada) |
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Political parties and leaders:
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Grenada United Labor Party or GULP [Herbert PREUDHOMME]; National Democratic Congress or NDC [leader vacant]; New National Party or NNP [George McGUIRE] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA |
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International organization participation:
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ACP, C, Caricom, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OECS, OPANAL, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WTrO |
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Denis G. ANTOINE
consulate(s) general: New York FAX: [1] (202) 265-2468 telephone: [1] (202) 265-2561 chancery: 1701 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 |
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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chief of mission: the ambassador to Barbados is accredited to Grenada; Charge d'Affairs Nadia TONGOUR
embassy: Point Salines, Saint George's mailing address: P. O. Box 54, Saint George's, Grenada, West Indies telephone: [1] (473) 444-1173 through 1176 FAX: [1] (473) 444-4820 |
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Flag description:
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a rectangle divided diagonally into yellow triangles (top and bottom) and green triangles (hoist side and outer side), with a red border around the flag; there are seven yellow, five-pointed stars with three centered in the top red border, three centered in the bottom red border, and one on a red disk superimposed at the center of the flag; there is also a symbolic nutmeg pod on the hoist-side triangle (Grenada is the world's second-largest producer of nutmeg, after Indonesia); the seven stars represent the seven administrative divisions |
| Economy | Grenada |
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Economy - overview:
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Despite government steadying of annual economic growth in recent years through progress in fiscal reform and prudent macroeconomic management, a downturn in tourist arrivals in 2001 threatens government spending in 2002. Grenada relies on tourism as its main source of foreign exchange, although it also supports a small agriculture sector and a developing offshore financial industry. Short-term concerns include a rising fiscal deficit and the deterioration in the external account balance. |
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $424 million (2001 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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6.5% (2001 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $4,750 (2001 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 7.7%
industry: 23.9% services: 68.4% (2000) |
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Population below poverty line:
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NA% |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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2.8% (2001 est.) |
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Labor force:
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42,300 (1996) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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services 62%, agriculture 24%, industry 14% (1999 est.) |
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Unemployment rate:
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11.5% (1999) |
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Budget:
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revenues: $85.8 million
expenditures: $102.1 million, including capital expenditures of $28 million (1997) |
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Industries:
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food and beverages, textiles, light assembly operations, tourism, construction |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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0.7% (1997 est.) |
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Electricity - production:
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110 million kWh (2000) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 100%
hydro: 0% other: 0% (2000) nuclear: 0% |
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Electricity - consumption:
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102.3 million kWh (2000) |
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2000) |
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2000) |
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Agriculture - products:
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bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, mace, citrus, avocados, root crops, sugarcane, corn, vegetables |
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Exports:
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$78 million (2000 est.) |
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Exports - commodities:
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bananas, cocoa, nutmeg, fruit and vegetables, clothing, mace |
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Exports - partners:
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Caricom 32.3%, UK 20%, US 13%, Netherlands 8.8% (1991) |
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Imports:
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$270 million (2000 est.) |
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Imports - commodities:
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food, manufactured goods, machinery, chemicals, fuel (1989) |
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Imports - partners:
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US 31.2%, Caricom 23.6%, UK 13.8%, Japan 7.1% (1991) |
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Debt - external:
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$196 million (2000) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$8.3 million (1995) |
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Currency:
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East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
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Currency code:
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XCD |
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Exchange rates:
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East Caribbean dollars per US dollar - 2.7000 (fixed rate since 1976) |
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Fiscal year:
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calendar year |
| Communications | Grenada |
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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27,000 (1997) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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976 (1997) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: automatic, islandwide telephone system
domestic: interisland VHF and UHF radiotelephone links international: new SHF radiotelephone links to Trinidad and Tobago and Saint Vincent; VHF and UHF radio links to Trinidad |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 2, FM 13, shortwave 0 (1998) |
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Radios:
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57,000 (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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2 (1997) |
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Televisions:
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33,000 (1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.gd |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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14 (2000) |
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Internet users:
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4,100 (2001) |
| Transportation | Grenada |
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Railways:
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0 km |
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Highways:
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total: 1,040 km
paved: 638 km unpaved: 402 km (1996) |
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Waterways:
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none |
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Ports and harbors:
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Grenville, Saint George's |
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Merchant marine:
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none (2002 est.) |
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Airports:
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3 (2001) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 under 914 m: 1 (2001) |
| Military | Grenada |
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Military branches:
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Royal Grenada Police Force, Coast Guard |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$NA |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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NA% |
| Transnational Issues | Grenada |
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Disputes - international:
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none |
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Illicit drugs:
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small-scale cannabis cultivation; lesser transshipment point for marijuana and cocaine to US |
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This page was last updated on 1 January 2002 |