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This page was last updated on 16 May, 2006


Map of Honduras



Legend: DefinitionDefinition Field ListingField Listing Rank OrderRank Order
   Introduction    Honduras Top of Page
Background:
Definition Field Listing
Once part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and a half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting leftist guerrillas. The country was devastated by Hurricane Mitch in 1998, which killed about 5,600 people and caused approximately $2 billion in damage.
   Geography    Honduras Top of Page
Location:
Definition Field Listing
Central America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Nicaragua and bordering the Gulf of Fonseca (North Pacific Ocean), between El Salvador and Nicaragua
Geographic coordinates:
Definition Field Listing
15 00 N, 86 30 W
Map references:
Definition Field Listing
Central America and the Caribbean
Area:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 112,090 sq km
land: 111,890 sq km
water: 200 sq km
Area - comparative:
Definition Field Listing
slightly larger than Tennessee
Land boundaries:
Definition Field Listing
total: 1,520 km
border countries: Guatemala 256 km, El Salvador 342 km, Nicaragua 922 km
Coastline:
Definition Field Listing
820 km
Maritime claims:
Definition Field Listing
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: natural extension of territory or to 200 nm
Climate:
Definition Field Listing
subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains
Terrain:
Definition Field Listing
mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains
Elevation extremes:
Definition Field Listing
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m
Natural resources:
Definition Field Listing
timber, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron ore, antimony, coal, fish, hydropower
Land use:
Definition Field Listing
arable land: 9.53%
permanent crops: 3.21%
other: 87.26% (2005)
Irrigated land:
Definition Field Listing
800 sq km (2003)
Natural hazards:
Definition Field Listing
frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; extremely susceptible to damaging hurricanes and floods along the Caribbean coast
Environment - current issues:
Definition Field Listing
urban population expanding; deforestation results from logging and the clearing of land for agricultural purposes; further land degradation and soil erosion hastened by uncontrolled development and improper land use practices such as farming of marginal lands; mining activities polluting Lago de Yojoa (the country's largest source of fresh water), as well as several rivers and streams, with heavy metals
Environment - international agreements:
Definition Field Listing
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
Definition Field Listing
has only a short Pacific coast but a long Caribbean shoreline, including the virtually uninhabited eastern Mosquito Coast
   People    Honduras Top of Page
Population:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
7,326,496
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2006 est.)
Age structure:
Definition Field Listing
0-14 years: 39.9% (male 1,491,170/female 1,429,816)
15-64 years: 56.7% (male 2,076,727/female 2,077,975)
65 years and over: 3.4% (male 113,747/female 137,061) (2006 est.)
Median age:
Definition Field Listing
total: 19.5 years
male: 19.1 years
female: 19.8 years (2006 est.)
Population growth rate:
Definition Field Listing
2.16% (2006 est.)
Birth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
28.24 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Death rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
5.28 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Net migration rate:
Definition Field Listing
-1.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Sex ratio:
Definition Field Listing
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 25.82 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 29 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 22.47 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total population: 69.33 years
male: 67.75 years
female: 70.98 years (2006 est.)
Total fertility rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
3.59 children born/woman (2006 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
1.8% (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
63,000 (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4,100 (2003 est.)
Nationality:
Definition Field Listing
noun: Honduran(s)
adjective: Honduran
Ethnic groups:
Definition Field Listing
mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European) 90%, Amerindian 7%, black 2%, white 1%
Religions:
Definition Field Listing
Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant 3%
Languages:
Definition Field Listing
Spanish, Amerindian dialects
Literacy:
Definition Field Listing
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 76.2%
male: 76.1%
female: 76.3% (2003 est.)
   Government    Honduras Top of Page
Country name:
Definition Field Listing
conventional long form: Republic of Honduras
conventional short form: Honduras
local long form: Republica de Honduras
local short form: Honduras
Government type:
Definition Field Listing
democratic constitutional republic
Capital:
Definition Field Listing
Tegucigalpa
Administrative divisions:
Definition Field Listing
18 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Atlantida, Choluteca, Colon, Comayagua, Copan, Cortes, El Paraiso, Francisco Morazan, Gracias a Dios, Intibuca, Islas de la Bahia, La Paz, Lempira, Ocotepeque, Olancho, Santa Barbara, Valle, Yoro
Independence:
Definition Field Listing
15 September 1821 (from Spain)
National holiday:
Definition Field Listing
Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
Constitution:
Definition Field Listing
11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982; amended 1995
Legal system:
Definition Field Listing
rooted in Roman and Spanish civil law with increasing influence of English common law; recent judicial reforms include abandoning Napoleonic legal codes in favor of the oral adversarial system; accepts ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Suffrage:
Definition Field Listing
18 years of age; universal and compulsory
Executive branch:
Definition Field Listing
chief of state: President Manuel ZELAYA Rosales (since 27 January 2006); First Vice President Elvin Ernesto SANTOS (since 27 January 2006); Second Vice President (vacant); Third Vice President (vacant); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Manuel ZELAYA Rosales (since 27 January 2006); First Vice President Elvin Ernesto SANTOS (since 27 January 2006); Second Vice President (vacant); Third Vice President (vacant); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by president
elections: president elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 27 November 2005 (next to be held November 2009)
election results: Manuel ZELAYA Rosales (PL) elected president - 49.8%, Porfirio "Pepe" LOBO Sosa (PN) 46.1%, other 4.1%
Legislative branch:
Definition Field Listing
unicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (128 seats; members are elected proportionally to the number of votes their party's presidential candidate receives to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 27 November 2005 (next to be held November 2009)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PL 62, PN 55, PUD 5, PDC 4, PINU 2
Judicial branch:
Definition Field Listing
Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges are elected for seven-year terms by the National Congress)
Political parties and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Saul ESCOBAR Andrade]; Democratic Unification Party or PUD [Matias FUNES]; Liberal Party or PL [Patricia RODAS]; National Innovation and Unity Party or PINU [Olban F. VALLADARES]; National Party of Honduras or PN [Gilberto GOLDSTEIN]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Definition Field Listing
Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras or CODEH; Confederation of Honduran Workers or CTH; Coordinating Committee of Popular Organizations or CCOP; General Workers Confederation or CGT; Honduran Council of Private Enterprise or COHEP; National Association of Honduran Campesinos or ANACH; National Union of Campesinos or UNC; Popular Bloc or BP; United Confederation of Honduran Workers or CUTH
International organization participation:
Definition Field Listing
BCIE, CACM, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (subscriber), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), MIGA, MINURSO, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, RG, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
Definition Field Listing
chief of mission: Ambassador Norman GARCIA Paz
chancery: Suite 4-M, 3007 Tilden Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 966-7702
FAX: [1] (202) 966-9751
consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, Phoenix, San Francisco
honorary consulate(s): Boston, Detroit, Jacksonville
Diplomatic representation from the US:
Definition Field Listing
chief of mission: Ambassador Charles A. FORD
embassy: Avenida La Paz, Apartado Postal No. 3453, Tegucigalpa
mailing address: American Embassy, APO AA 34022, Tegucigalpa
telephone: [504] 236-9320
FAX: [504] 236-9037
Flag description:
Definition Field Listing
three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with five blue, five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band; the stars represent the members of the former Federal Republic of Central America - Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which features a triangle encircled by the word REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom, centered in the white band
   Economy    Honduras Top of Page
Economy - overview:
Definition Field Listing
Honduras, one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere with an extraordinarily unequal distribution of income and massive unemployment, is banking on expanded trade under the US-Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA) and on debt relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative. The country has met most of its macroeconomic targets, and began a three-year IMF Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility (PGRF) program in February 2004. Growth remains dependent on the economy of the US, its largest trading partner, on continued exports of non-traditional agricultural products (such as melons, chiles, tilapia, and shrimp), and on reduction of the high crime rate.
GDP (purchasing power parity):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$20.21 billion (2005 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate):
Definition Field Listing
$7.842 billion (2005 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4% (2005 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$2,800 (2005 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
Definition Field Listing
agriculture: 12.7%
industry: 31.2%
services: 56.1% (2005 est.)
Labor force:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
2.54 million (2005 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
Definition Field Listing
agriculture: 34%
industry: 21%
services: 45% (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
28% (2005 est.)
Population below poverty line:
Definition Field Listing
53% (1993 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
Definition Field Listing
lowest 10%: 0.6%
highest 10%: 42.7% (1998)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
Definition Field Listing
55 (1999)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
9.2% (2005 est.)
Investment (gross fixed):
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
27% of GDP (2005 est.)
Budget:
Definition Field Listing
revenues: $1.693 billion
expenditures: $1.938 billion; including capital expenditures of $106 million (2005 est.)
Public debt:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
70.5% of GDP (2005 est.)
Agriculture - products:
Definition Field Listing
bananas, coffee, citrus; beef; timber; shrimp
Industries:
Definition Field Listing
sugar, coffee, textiles, clothing, wood products
Industrial production growth rate:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
7.7% (2003 est.)
Electricity - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4.338 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4.369 billion kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports:
Definition Field Listing
0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports:
Definition Field Listing
335 million kWh (2003)
Oil - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 bbl/day (2003 est.)
Oil - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
37,000 bbl/day (2003 est.)
Oil - exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA bbl/day
Oil - imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
NA bbl/day
Natural gas - production:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (2003 est.)
Natural gas - consumption:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
0 cu m (2003 est.)
Current account balance:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
-$456 million (2005 est.)
Exports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$1.726 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Exports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
coffee, shrimp, bananas, gold, palm oil, fruit, lobster, lumber
Exports - partners:
Definition Field Listing
US 54.4%, El Salvador 8.1%, Germany 5.9%, Guatemala 5.4% (2004)
Imports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$4.161 billion f.o.b. (2005 est.)
Imports - commodities:
Definition Field Listing
machinery and transport equipment, industrial raw materials, chemical products, fuels, foodstuffs (2000)
Imports - partners:
Definition Field Listing
US 37.5%, Guatemala 6.9%, Mexico 5.4%, Costa Rica 4.3%, El Salvador 4% (2004)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$2.23 billion (2005 est.)
Debt - external:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$4.675 billion (2005 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:
Definition Field Listing
$557.8 million (1999)
Currency (code):
Definition Field Listing
lempira (HNL)
Exchange rates:
Definition Field Listing
lempiras per US dollar - 18.92 (2005), 18.206 (2004), 17.345 (2003), 16.433 (2002), 15.474 (2001)
Fiscal year:
Definition Field Listing
calendar year
   Communications    Honduras Top of Page
Telephones - main lines in use:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
390,100 (2004)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
707,200 (2004)
Telephone system:
Definition Field Listing
general assessment: inadequate system
domestic: NA
international: country code - 504; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
Radio broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
AM 241, FM 53, shortwave 12 (1998)
Television broadcast stations:
Definition Field Listing
11 (plus 17 repeaters) (1997)
Internet country code:
Definition Field Listing
.hn
Internet hosts:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
4,763 (2005)
Internet users:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
223,000 (2005)
   Transportation    Honduras Top of Page
Airports:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
116 (2005)
Airports - with paved runways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 11
2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 3
under 914 m: 3 (2005)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
Definition Field Listing
total: 105
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 19
under 914 m: 84 (2005)
Railways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 699 km
narrow gauge: 279 km 1.067-m gauge; 420 km 0.914-m gauge (2004)
Roadways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 13,603 km
paved: 2,775 km
unpaved: 10,828 km (1999)
Waterways:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
465 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2005)
Merchant marine:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
total: 131 ships (1000 GRT or over) 356,805 GRT/518,767 DWT
by type: bulk carrier 9, cargo 66, chemical tanker 6, container 1, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 1, passenger 4, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 27, refrigerated cargo 8, roll on/roll off 2, specialized tanker 1
foreign-owned: 43 (Canada 1, China 3, Egypt 1, Greece 3, Hong Kong 2, Indonesia 1, Israel 1, Japan 4, South Korea 6, Lebanon 1, Mexico 1, Singapore 12, Taiwan 2, Tanzania 1, Turkey 1, US 2, Vietnam 1) (2005)
Ports and terminals:
Definition Field Listing
Puerto Castilla, Puerto Cortes, San Lorenzo, Tela
   Military    Honduras Top of Page
Military branches:
Definition Field Listing
Army, Navy (includes Naval Infantry), Air Force
Military service age and obligation:
Definition Field Listing
18 years of age for voluntary two-three year military service (2004)
Manpower available for military service:
Definition Field Listing
males age 18-49: 1,537,232
females age 18-49: 1,515,120 (2005 est.)
Manpower fit for military service:
Definition Field Listing
males age 18-49: 1,100,991
females age 18-49: 1,121,649 (2005 est.)
Manpower reaching military service age annually:
Definition Field Listing
males age 18-49: 82,105
females age 18-49: 78,971 (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
$52.8 million (2005 est.)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
Definition Field Listing Rank Order
2.55% (2005 est.)
   Transnational Issues    Honduras Top of Page
Disputes - international:
Definition Field Listing
in 1992, International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras border, but despite Organization of American States (OAS) intervention and a further ICJ ruling in 2003, full demarcation of the border remains stalled; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca with consideration of Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not mentioned in the ICJ ruling, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca; Honduras claims Sapodilla Cays off the coast of Belize, but agreed to creation of a joint ecological park and Guatemalan corridor in the Caribbean in the failed 2002 Belize-Guatemala Differendum, which the OAS is attempting to revive; Nicaragua filed a claim against Honduras in 1999 and against Colombia in 2001 at the ICJ over a complex dispute over islands and maritime boundaries in the Caribbean Sea
Illicit drugs:
Definition Field Listing
transshipment point for drugs and narcotics; illicit producer of cannabis, cultivated on small plots and used principally for local consumption; corruption is a major problem; some money-laundering activity

This page was last updated on 16 May, 2006


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